Ilfeld Monastery

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Ilfeld around 1900 - In the foreground is the school complex, which emerged from the former monastery

The Ilfeld Monastery was a Premonstratensian monastery in Ilfeld in the Nordhausen district in the southern Harz region.

location

The monastery was located at a height of about 250 m above sea level. d. M. in the valley of the Bere on the southern border of the Harz about 10 km north of Nordhausen .

history

The monastery was founded in 1189 by Count Elger II von Ilfeld- Hohnstein , who resided at Castle Hohnstein , and his wife Lutrude. Elger II died on January 13, 1190, and the construction of the monastery was under his son Elger III. accomplished. Large parts of the previously abandoned Ilburg were used as building material, which is why the construction could be completed very quickly. King Henry VI. confirmed the monastery foundation in a document dated November 16, 1190, issued in Saalfeld . At this point the first canons , coming from Pöhlde , had already moved in.

In 1246 there was a major redesign and the conversion of the previous canon monastery into an abbey . As a result, Ilfeld developed into the capital of one of the seven circarias of the Premonstratensian order in Central Europe (the "Ilfeldia").

On May 20, 1322, the Counts of Hohnstein sold the community of Wiegersdorf (since 1948 a district of Ilfeld) to the monastery. In 1385 the establishment of the independent occurred patch Ilfeld at the gates of the monastery. In a letter to Abbot Friedrich von Rüstefeld, dated September 17, 1385, the Counts of Hohnstein approved the establishment. There are also village regulations for the place that were issued in 1423 by Abbot Heinrich. The monastery was economically very strong at that time and owned large estates .

Medieval baptismal font from the Ilfeld Monastery (today in the Nordhausen Cathedral )

The high taxes of the rural population ( tithe ) led to the discontent of the farmers. At the beginning of May 1525 the monastery was plundered and temporarily occupied by rebellious peasants during the Peasants' War. Abbot Bernhard had already brought the monastery treasures and documents to Hohnstein Castle beforehand . The last abbot of the monastery, Thomas Stange, converted to Protestantism as a result of the Reformation and in 1546 converted the monastery into the Protestant monastery school in Ilfeld . From 1629 to 1631 there was a brief attempt to restore the abbey.

The monastery's land (including more than 1,500 hectares of forest ) remained as Ilfeld Abbey in the Duchy of Braunschweig-Lüneburg and later went to the Hanover Monastery Chamber as a special fund .

Practically nothing of the original monastery buildings has survived due to multiple renovations and new constructions; the large medieval baptismal font with a capacity of approx. 260 l can be seen today in the Nordhausen cathedral . Today the Neanderklinik Harzwald GmbH is located on the monastery grounds.

literature

  • Carsten Berndt: The Antiquitates Ilfeldenses by Johann Georg Leuckfeld from 1709 and their continuation until 1750 . In: Contributions to the history of the city and district of Nordhausen , Vol. 40, Nordhausen 2015, pp. 5–24, ISBN 978-3-939357-26-1
  • Bouterwek (Ed.): Michael Neander's report from the Ilfeld Monastery. A contribution to the history of the 16th century. Ilfeld: School program 1872/73 ( digitized version ; PDF file; 5.84 MB)
  • C. Koehler: Ilfelder Regesten. Excerpts from the documents of the former Premonstratensian monastery Ilfeld am Harz . Edited by Walter Brandt. Ilfeld 1932
  • Johann Georg Leuckfeld : Antiqvitates Ilfeldenses, Or historical description of the Closter Ilfeld / Præmonstratenser Order: What is dealt with in detail by this Stiffts-Alter / Landes-Area / Orthe / Nahmen ... etc .; Carried together from rare manuscripts and reinforced historicis / also with useful comments / diplomatic bus, letters, registers, etc. Copper illustrated; Which is also added by the famous Professoris Laurentii Rhodomanni Ilfelda Hercynica. Quedlinburg 1709 ULB Hall .

Web links

Footnotes

  1. 1174–1188 Graf von Ilfeld, 1182–1190 Graf von Hohnstein.
  2. Also Lutrudis or Lutrutis.

Coordinates: 51 ° 35 ′ 2.8 ″  N , 10 ° 47 ′ 11.76 ″  E