Bone carving office building (Hildesheim)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Bone Carver Office House

The bone carving office building originally built in 1529 is the most famous half-timbered house in Hildesheim . Today the listed building houses, among other things, a restaurant and the Hildesheim City Museum.

history

Bone carving office between 1890 and 1905

The Knochenhaueramtshaus was the Guildhall of Fleischer (Knochenhauer). Like the guild houses of the other Hildesheim craft associations, the half-timbered building , which belongs to the German Renaissance, stands on the market square of the old town, opposite the town hall. Due to the prestigious, towering decorative facade, the building was considered "the most beautiful half-timbered house in the world", which is said to go back to a remark by Eugène Viollet-le-Duc in the 19th century.

In addition to being used as a sales room, the cellar vaults were also used as storage space. Meetings of the guild were held on the first floor , and store rooms and apartments were housed on the other upper floors. The gable roof and the gable were destroyed in a fire in 1884.

The 26 meter high building was completely destroyed by British and Canadian air forces on March 22, 1945 during the air raid on Hildesheim . Although it was not hit by bombs itself, it was caught in the fire that destroyed almost the entire city center.

After the Second World War , the Hotel Rose was built in its place in 1962 based on a design by the Hanoverian architect and university professor Dieter Oesterlen (1911–1994) . Many Hildesheimers considered the bone carving office building to be the symbol of Old Hildesheim, and so the desire to restore it remained alive. The opportunity arose in the 1980s when the Hotel Rose went bankrupt. During the same period, the Hildesheimer Stadtsparkasse was planning to build its new headquarters on the south side of the market square. The city administration took this opportunity and decided to completely rebuild the historic market square.

In contrast to the buildings on the north and south side of the square, in which only the facades were closely based on the original historical design, the bone carver's office building was reconstructed from 1986 to 1989 together with the baker's office building on the left using the traditional half-timbered construction . For this purpose, 400 cubic meters of oak wood were used and over 4,300 wood connections were made with approx. 7,500 wooden nails. Above all, the carvings on the entire beam structure of the two exposed facades, on windboards and on consoles are impressive . The original decoration of the wind boards on the north side facing away from the market square was not precisely documented and could therefore not be reconstructed. Instead, they were decorated with modern paintings by various artists that symbolize war and destruction. A portrait mask of Norbert Blüms , who was Federal Minister of Labor at the time of the reconstruction of the building, is also located on a clasp on this facade .

Today the building houses, among other things, a restaurant and the Hildesheim City Museum. In a 2006 NDR survey, viewers voted it the most beautiful of the “100 most beautiful buildings” in the broadcasting area.

Some sayings on the wind boards

The world wants to be betrayed

Forbidden fruits taste sweet: Adam and Eve in paradise.

Avarice is the root of all evil

Wherever one sings, sit down happily! Bad people don't have songs.

If the guard is not watching, the thief is watching.

Poor or rich, death makes everything the same.

Monument protection

The reconstruction of the bone carver's office building with the baker's office building was controversial and in the 1970s and 1980s sparked considerable controversy not only among urban society, but also among monument preservationists. A highlight was the documented debate at the 1989 annual meeting of the Working Group for Theory and Teaching of Monument Preservation, which was specially convened in Hildesheim . At the same time, this dispute has also become history, so that both half-timbered houses were entered in the monument register in 2018, around a generation later after a renewed specialist debate, now with the significance as outstanding evidence of urban repairs in the second half of the 20th century.

gallery

  • North facade

  • Reconstructed windboard of the gable facade

  • Modern wind board on the north side

  • Dining room in the bone carver's office

  • The east facade (gable) to the market square

  • Bones' office building with the baker's office building to the left

  • Modern wind board on the north facade with an allusion to the destruction in the Second World War

Replica in Chile

The "Casa Hildesheim Baviera" from 1924 in Zapallar, Chile

In the Chilean Región de Valparaíso in the seaside resort of Zapallar , a very freely modeled replica of the bone carver's office was created in 1924, which was placed under monument protection in 1975 and was given the name Casa Hildesheim Baviera ("Bayernhaus Hildesheim"). The architectural taste of the Chilean upper class that prevailed at the beginning of the 20th century was based on European models. The architect Josué Smith Solar designed an opulent holiday home by the sea that stylistically took up the shapes of the bone carving office.

See also

literature

  • Carl Lachner: The wooden architecture of Hildesheim. Borgemeyer, Hildesheim 1882, pp. 61–83 (digitized version of the University of Paderborn ).
  • Alexander Koch: Dieter Oesterlen. Buildings and projects 1946–1963. Volume 2. Verlaganstalt Alexander Koch, Stuttgart 1964 (about Hotel Rose )
  • W. Konrad: bone carving office. Gerstenberg, Hildesheim 1970, ISBN 3-8067-8025-0 .
  • Jürgen Paul: The bone carving office in Hildesheim - post mortem. The afterlife of architecture as a carrier of meaning. Low German Contributions to Art History, Volume 18, 1979, pp. 129–148.
  • Gerd Rump (Ed.): 1529–1945 Bone-Hauer-Amtshaus Hildesheim. Gerstenberg, Hildesheim 1979.
  • Wolfgang Riemann, Bernhard Hagen, Jügen Paul: The case: Hildesheim market place. In: Builder. Vol. 82, 1985, No. 1, pp. 17-25.
  • The market square in Hildesheim. Documentation of the reconstruction. 2nd Edition. Hildesheim, 1989.
  • Hans-Dieter Petzoldt (Hrsg.): Bone Hauer-Amtshaus. Reconstruction 1987–1990. Chronicle and collected newspaper reports. Self-published, Söhre 1990.
  • Werner Schmidt: The Hildesheim market place since 1945. Between expert culture and citizenship (= series of publications of the city archive and the city library of Hildesheim, volume 19), Hildesheim 1990.
  • Manfred Boetzkes (Ed.): Hildesheim contemporary witnesses. Edited by the Roemer Museum, city history collection in the bone carving office Hildesheim. Olms, Hildesheim 1990, ISBN 3-487-09361-8 .
  • Helga Stein: paint on the bone hewn office building. A documentation. (= Sources and documentation on the city history of Hildesheim, vol. 1). City archive, Hildesheim 1993.
  • Gerd Rump: “At least a strange house”. A documentation on the 25th anniversary of the Society for the Reconstruction of the Bone Hauer Office Building. (= Sources and documentation on the city history of Hildesheim, vol. 7). Gerstenberg, Hildesheim 1995, ISBN 3-8067-8591-0 .
  • Stefanie Krause, Helga Stein: War & Peace. The wind boards on the north side of the bone-hewn office building. Lax, Hildesheim 1999, ISBN 3-8269-6332-6 .

Web links

Commons : Kniehaueramtshaus  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Office of bone carving. In: Centralblatt der Bauverwaltung . No. 31, August 2, 1884, p. 327.
  2. ↑ Architecture on the Hildesheim market square (legend 5/14). In: Travel guide. NDR Kultur from July 28, 2014, accessed on April 24, 2020.
  3. ↑ The 100 most beautiful buildings in Northern Germany. Result of a survey of the program Das Beste am Morgen by Norddeutscher Rundfunk (NDR) ( memento from June 10, 2013 in the Internet Archive ).
  4. ↑ Achim Hubel (ed.): Working group for theory and teaching of monument preservation eV Documentation of the 1989 annual conference in Hildesheim. Topic: Preservation of monuments between conservation and reconstruction . Bamberg 1993.
  5. ↑ Publications of the Working Group Theory and Teaching of Monument Preservation eV University of Bamberg, accessed on August 22, 2020 .
  6. ↑ Eckart Rüsch: Building reconstructions and historicisms as city repairs. Case studies from Lower Saxony. In: Lower Saxony State Office for the Preservation of Monuments (ed.): Preservation of monuments as a cultural practice. Between reality and aspiration. Documentation VDL annual conference, Oldenburg 2017, = workbooks on monument preservation in Lower Saxony . tape 48 . CW Niemeyer Buchverlage GmbH, Hameln 2018, ISBN 978-3-8271-8048-3 , p. 42–53, here pp. 47–50 .
  7. ↑ Consejo de Monumentos Nacionales de Chile: Réplica de la casa construída en el siglo XVII en Hildesheim, Baviera (Spanish, accessed April 4, 2019).

Coordinates: 52 ° 9 ′ 10 ″  N , 9 ° 57 ′ 5 ″  E