Koepckekassike

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Koepckekassike
Systematics
Order : Passerines (Passeriformes)
Subordination : Songbirds (passeri)
Family : Starlings (Icteridae)
Subfamily : Cacicinae
Genre : Cacicus
Type : Koepckekassike
Scientific name
Cacicus koepckeae
Lowery & O'Neill , 1965

The Koepckekassike or Loretokassike ( Cacicus koepckeae ) is a bird art from the family of blackbirds . It is endemic to Peru . The stock is on the IUCN as endangered ( Endangered estimated).

features

The Koepckekassike reaches a body length of about 23 cm. Their plumage is predominantly black with the exception of the rump , which is yellow with a slightly golden tint. The tail is graduated, with the central control feathers protruding about 19 mm over the outer ones. The beak ridge, which is not bent downwards, is not particularly wide and flat. The blue-gray beak becomes a little paler at the tip. The legs and toes are black, the iris bluish-white.

distribution

Distribution area of ​​the Koepckekassike

For a long time the area around Balta, in which John Patton O'Neill collected them, was the only known distribution area of ​​the Koepckekassike. From March 27 to April 20, 1998, the environmentalist and ornithologist Nathaniel G. Gerhart (1975-2007) stayed in Montetoni, a Nanti village on the upper reaches of the Río Camisea in the Cusco region and the nearby Río Manú Chico in the region Madre de Dios up. He observed several Koepckekassiken at both locations. Finally, on October 1, 1998, he discovered another pair on the Río Shihuaniro near the Machiguenga tribe in the village of Timpía in the Cuzco region. All specimens stayed on narrow river arms at heights between 300 and 550 meters above sea level. But between July 24 and 29, 2001, Gerhart first discovered it on a flowering Erythrina on the lower reaches of the Río Urubamba .

behavior

The Koepckekassike lives mainly on trees at the edge of the forest near river banks. Their habitat is the transition forest of the hilly landscape near the east in Peru. These are located near rivers with strong gradients, as is the case on the Río Shihuaniro or the Río Manú Chico. That is why Gynerium sagittatum is often found in their habitat . There they like to sit in the treetops near the river. The somewhat drier side arms of these rivers with steep gradients are the reason for a very species-rich flora, which the locals call Otségoa . Otségoa is often made up of plants such as ant trees , balsa trees, and gynerium . Koepckekassiken move alone, in pairs or in smaller groups.

Reproduction

Not much is known about the reproduction of this species. They build their nests in the lower branches of coral trees , for example , which are located near river banks. The nest is about 50 to 70 centimeters in size.

Vocalizations

The call consists of a repeating series of tchi-chirp sounds, which in a duet sound like a cheep-cheep ur-chewchew . The sound is similar to that of the Trupiale , but less musical and a little louder.

Etymology and history of research

In 1963, O'Neill was doing research in the inaccessible area at the drainage of the Río Purús near the border between Peru and Brazil. Between 1964 and 1965 he was again with John Farrand, Jr. and John Alan Feduccia as part of an expedition sponsored by John Stauffer McIlhenny (1910-1997) in a Kaxinawá village called Balta on the Río Curanja in the Loreto region . O'Neill brought back a Kassike from both expeditions, which initially received little scientific attention. It was not until the Museum of Natural Science at Louisiana State University carried out a routine comparison with newly preserved bird skins from Bolivia that it was noticed that it was a new species . O'Neill collected the holotype on March 22, 1965 at a point where the tributaries Xumuya and Inuya flow into the Río Curanja.

The name Cacicus goes back to Mathurin-Jacques Brisson from 1760. This described the Rotbürzelkassike ( Cacicus haemorrhous ) as Cassique Rouge . The word comes from the Latin term cassis (French casque) for helmet . The specific epithet "koepckeae" honors Maria Koepcke for her services to the ornithology of Peru.

literature

  • Thomas Scott Schulenberg, Douglas Forrester Stotz, Daniel Franklin Lane, John Patton O'Neill, Theodore Albert Parker III : Birds of Peru . Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey 2007, ISBN 978-0-7136-8673-9 .
  • James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .
  • Nathaniel G. Gerhart: Rediscovery of the Selva Cacique (Cacicus koepckeae) in Southeastern Peru with Notes on Habitat, Voice, and Nest . In: The Wilson Bulletin . tape 116 , no. 1 , 2004, p. 74-82 .
  • George Hines Lowery, Jr., John Patton O'Neill: A new species of Cacicus (Aves: Icteridae) from Peru . In: Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology of the Louisiana State University . No. 33 , 1965, pp. 1–5 ( sites01.lsu.edu [PDF; 693 kB ]).
  • Mathurin-Jacques Brisson: Ornithologie, ou, Méthode contenant la division des oiseaux en ordres, sections, genres, especes & leurs variétés: a laquelle on a joint une description exacte de chaque espece, avec les citations des auteurs qui en ont traité, les noms quils leur ont donnés, ceux que leur ont donnés les différentes nations . tape 2 . Ad Ripam Augustinorum, apud Cl. Joannem-Baptistam Bauche, bibliopolam, ad Insigne S. Genovesae, & S. Joannis in Deserto, Paris 1760 ( online [accessed May 10, 2013]).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Thomas Scott Schulenberg u. a., p. 622
  2. ↑ a b George Hines Lowery, Jr. et al. a., p. 2
  3. ↑ Nathaniel G. Gerhart, p. 74
  4. ^ Nathaniel G. Gerhart, p. 77
  5. ^ Nathaniel G. Gerhart, p. 79
  6. ↑ George Hines Lowery, Jr. et al. a., p. 1
  7. ^ Mathurin-Jacques Brisson, p. 98
  8. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 82
  9. ↑ George Hines Lowery, Jr. et al. a., p. 4