Heady thyme
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Head thyme ( Thymbra capitata ) |
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| ( L. ) Cav. |
The Kopfige thyme ( Thymbra capitata ) is a species of the genus Thymbra in the family of Labiatae .
description
The heady thyme is a strongly aromatic dwarf shrub that reaches heights of 20 to 50 centimeters. Its branches are ascending to upright, woody, light and white felted when young. They often only have axillary tufts of leaves. In old age, there are often bare, twisted branches that creep across the ground. The leaves of the long shoots fall off when dry. They are seated, linear , almost triangular, pointed, measure 6 to 12 × 1 to 1.2 (1.8) millimeters and are more or less flat at the edge. They are ciliate at the base and gray-green and dotted with glands on the top and bottom.
The Scheinquirle are arranged in dense, egg-shaped-heady inflorescences. The chalice has a length of 5 millimeters. Its three-toothed upper lip is shorter than the two-toothed lower lip, and the teeth are all ciliated. The calyx tube is 20 to 22 annoying and flattened on the back. The crown is purple-pink, two-lipped and up to 1 centimeter in length. The upper lip has two columns. There are 4 stamens.
The flowering period lasts from May to September.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 30.
Occurrence
The head thyme is widespread in the Mediterranean area and in the southern half of Portugal, but has a distribution gap on the north side of the western Mediterranean basin along the northern halves of Spain and Italy, Mediterranean France, Corsica and the coasts of the northern and central Adriatic Sea and is therefore in Europe limited to areas with a largely frost-free Mediterranean climate. Its distribution area includes Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Portugal, Spain, the Balearic Islands, Corsica, Sardinia, Italy, Sicily, the Balkan Peninsula, Crete, the Aegean Sea, Cyprus, the area of Lebanon, Syria, Palestine and Turkey.
The plant reaches an altitude of 1400 m in Turkey and up to 2000 m in Crete. It occurs preferentially on calcareous, skeletal subsoil, but also on gray and brown dunes and on rocks under the influence of salt. It is an important shrub of the garrigue and its Eastern Mediterranean equivalents Phrygana and Batha .
Taxonomy
The Kopfige thyme was 1753 by Linnaeus in Species Plantarum under the Basionym Satureja capitata L. first published . It was placed in the genus Thymbra by Antonio José Cavanilles in 1803 . The affiliation of the head thyme to the genus Thymbra was worked out by the Spanish botanist Ramón Morales Valverde .
Other frequently used synonyms are Coridothymus capitatus ( L. ) Rchb.f. and Thymus capitatus ( L. ) Hoffmanns. & Link .
Individual evidence
- ^ A b c Ehrentraud Bayer, Karl Peter Buttler, Xaver Finkenzeller, Jürke Grau: Plants of the Mediterranean (= Steinbach's natural guide . Volume 17 ). Mosaik, Munich 1987, ISBN 3-570-01347-2 , p. 168 .
- ↑ a b Ramón Morales Valverde: Taxonomía de los géneros Thymus (excluida la sección Serpyllum) y Thymbra en la Península Ibérica. In: Ruizia. Volume 3, 1986, 324 pp. (PDF file).
- ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Thymbra capitata. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved September 15, 2019.
- ↑ a b Ramón Morales Valverde: El género Thymbra L. (Labiatae). In: Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid. Volume 44, No. 2, 1987, pp. 349-380 (PDF file).
- ↑ Carl von Linné: Species Plantarum. Volume 2, Lars Salvius, Stockholm 1753, p. 568, digitized .
- ^ Antonio José Cavanilles: Elenchus Plantarum Horti Regii Botanici Matritensis. Anno M.DCCC.III. Madrid 1803, p. 37 (PDF file) .
