Kremna
Coordinates: 37 ° 30 ′ 0.5 ″ N , 30 ° 41 ′ 28 ″ E
Kremna (Greek Κρῆμνα ) was an ancient Greek city in Pisidia , a rugged mountain landscape in southwest Asia Minor , two kilometers southeast of today's village Girme (Çamlık, Burdur Province ), 68 km north of Antalya .
The name of the city literally means "cliffs". It is located on an isolated rock ridge that is over 1200 m high and rises 250 m from a high plateau. The city itself, located on a rocky plateau that can hardly be stormed, is mentioned in only a few historical sources. Only the Roman geographer Strabo states that the city was once conquered by the Galatian king Amyntas . After his death, the Romans took over the city. Emperor Augustus tried to pacify the new province of Galatia and its warlike inhabitants by building colonies of long- serving veterans in Kremna and numerous other places .
The city flourished in the second and third centuries AD. Many public buildings were erected, such as a basilica , two theaters, and a public bathhouse that was later converted into a library and gallery. In order to supply this bathing establishment, an aqueduct had to be built, which was supplemented by amazing mechanical devices.
Nothing has survived from the pre-Roman Kremna, the ruins mostly come from the middle imperial period and late antiquity . The finds from Kremna are exhibited in the Burdur Archaeological Museum .
As the historian Zosimos reports, rebels from the Taurus Mountains attacked the coastal areas of the region under the leadership of a certain Lydius . When they were chased away by Roman troops, they fled to Kremna, where they were besieged and defeated by the Romans. The city did not recover from the consequences of this siege. British researchers found numerous references to the siege, including two siege walls, numerous projectiles and a bulwark for the defenders, as well as an inscription dedicated to Emperor Probus . The titular bishopric of Cremna of the Roman Catholic Church goes back to a late antique bishopric of the city .
Remains of the basilica
Relief bust on the propylon
Stone decorated on three sides with lion reliefs
Bust of Zeus in the Burdur Museum
literature
- Jale İnan : Kremna Pisidia, Turkey . In: Richard Stillwell et al. a. (Ed.): The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites. Princeton University Press, Princeton NJ 1976, ISBN 0-691-03542-3 .
- Stephen Mitchell: Cremna in Pisidia. An ancient city in peace and war . Duckworth, London 1995, ISBN 0-7156-2696-5 .
- GHR Horsley: The inscriptions of Central Pisidia: including texts from Kremna, Ariassos, Keraia, Hyia, Panemoteichos, the Sanctuary of Apollo of the Perminoundeis, Sia, Kocaaliler, and the Döseme Bogazi . Habelt, Bonn 2000 (= inscriptions of Greek cities from Asia Minor 57), ISBN 3-7749-2961-0 .
- Hansgerd Hellenkemper , Friedrich Hild : Lykien and Pamphylien . Publishing house of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 2004 (= Tabula Imperii Byzantini 8), ISBN 3-7001-3280-8 , Vol. 1, pp. 662–666
