Krenweiberl

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Typical Krenweiberl range: horseradish and other products

Krenweiberl (pronounced [Countess: waiwàl]; Krenweiber , in dialect also Krenweible or Kreeweibla of horseradish , bairisch for horseradish ) is the term for women influenced mainly by small farmers fields franc , which in autumn and winter peddling with braided piggyback baskets - often in traditional costumes - and later also all year round market trade in horseradish and spices in larger cities. The Bavarian diminutive of the basic form of woman is not like this with a derogatory meaning, but rather with a belittling and appreciation.

The origins of the Krenweiberl cannot be precisely determined, but the changed purchasing behavior of their customers and the relocation of horseradish cultivation to other countries led to the end of this historic profession at the beginning of the 21st century.

Regional background

Krenweiberl (Bavaria)
Bamberg
Bamberg
Nuremberg
Nuremberg
gain
gain
The formerly important growing areas for horseradish were between Bamberg and Nuremberg.

Krenweiberl or Krenweible were women from rural areas in Franconia (for example from Baiersdorf / Middle Franconia , Bamberg / Upper Franconia and Forchheim / Upper Franconia (in " Krenland ")) who first peddled horseradish (sticks and grated in glasses), garlic in autumn and winter , Spices, teas etc. and could later be recognized in their colorful costumes in the markets of the big cities. If they sold their goods on big city markets - for example on the Viktualienmarkt in Munich - they lived together in traditional accommodation during this time. If necessary, they called attention to their goods with loud shouts - “Kren macht scheen” ( Kren makes beautiful ) and the like.

Beginnings

Early mentions of these women selling horseradish can be found in a manual of plant cultivation in 1929 ("Krenweiber") and in an agricultural monthly in 1938 ("Krenweiberl"), although, according to tradition, they were peddling by the end of the 19th century at the latest. With increasing awareness of their regional occurrence, they were also mentioned internationally.

Costumes and traditions

Baiersdorfer Kren-Markt
dignitaries, crown queen and Krenweiberl (2011)
(Please note copyrights )

When peddling and on markets, the Krenweiberl wore the traditional costumes of their hometowns, the so-called "Laaftracht" or "Festtochitracht", i.e. H. the representative costume. This tradition is maintained - even after the disappearance of the real Krenweiberl - for reasons of local history or tourism, for example at the Baiersdorfer Kren-Markt, which has been taking place since 2003.

communication

During the period of door-to-door peddling, Krenweiberl also exchanged news with their customers and with each other. This could relate to practical household information, church events such as dates of pilgrimages, social information (e.g. marriage candidates) or rumors . The willingness of the Krenweiberl to communicate, to pass on truths and rumors (southern German / Austrian: ratschen ) was legendary, and in Munich people liked to put the origin of new rumors in the mouths of the Viktualienmarkt Krenweiberln - partly justified, partly unjustified.

The end of the Krenweiberl

Helga Kraus, the last Krenweiberl, on her last working day, March 15, 2010

There are several reasons why the Krenweiberl have disappeared from the cityscape: The peddling became less and less, as this type of purchase was due to changed buying behavior (supermarkets, later also the Internet) and the increasingly frequent absence of everyone in the houses during the day was no longer cost-covering and young women looked for other and less strenuous jobs. The very labor-intensive cultivation of horseradish (farmer's wisdom: “A field with horseradish wants to see its master every day!”), Which used to be run in a family business with children and “all-terrain grandmothers”, is now being carried out in countries with cheaper labor; In 2006 there was only one horseradish farmer in Baiersdorf.

This Bavarian-Franconian tradition ended in March 2010 when Helga Kraus, the last Krenweiberl, went into retirement. For the past three years it had been located on the right in front of the entrance to the Karstadt am Dom department store on Neuhauser Strasse in Munich (then demolished and replaced by the Joseph-Pschorr-Haus). The exact time of their abandonment resulted from the closure of this department store. At the age of 70 she didn't want to look for a new location. On August 4th, it was officially adopted by Mayor Christian Ude in Munich City Hall.

Plays

Krenweiberl are also portrayed as typical characters in comedic folk theater pieces, for example in Umdraaht by Peter Landstorfer from 2002 and in D'Eisheiligen and die Kalt 'Sophie , a play by Georg Harrieder from 1985, which was recorded for television in 1997. In the latter comedy, a Krenweiberl appears who uses his knowledge and willingness to make contact with regard to available local marriage candidates.

Web links

Commons : Krenweiberl  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Andrea Schamberger-Hirt: Forest and Wood; Fences ; Transportation; Baskets, vessels and support frames: regional part 1, linguistic atlas of Bavarian Swabia 13: word geography; 6 . Universitätsverlag Winter, 2005, ISBN 978-3-8253-1661-7 , p. 461.
  2. ↑ With horseradish from door to door ( Memento from June 23, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) (video), BR, December 18, 2012.
  3. ↑ Bavarian agricultural yearbook: special issue . BLV Verlagsgesellschaft, p. 331, 1963 .: Baiersdorfer "Krenweiberl" on the Isar , Bayer. Landw. Wochenblatt 148 (1), 1958.
  4. ^ Elisabeth Roth, Franz Bittner: Upper Franconia in the modern age up to the end of the old empire . Bayer. Verl.-Anst., 1984, ISBN 978-3-87052-990-1 , p. 118.
  5. ^ Hellmut Becker, Gert Richter: Bavaria, Baden-Württemberg, Saarland . Bertelsmann Lexikothek Verl., 1995, ISBN 978-3-577-08718-6 , p. 202.
  6. ^ Reports on German regional studies . Anton Hain, p. 229, 1963.
  7. ↑ a b Josef Becker: Handbook of the entire plant cultivation including plant breeding (synonymous with: Handbook of the entire vegetable cultivation, 2nd revised edition . P. Parey, p. 362, 1929.
  8. ↑ a b Back then - On the way with the Krenweiberl ( Memento from March 28, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) , Bayerisches Fernsehen, January 10, 2014, 7:00 p.m.
  9. ^ Reports on German regional studies . Anton Hain, p. 229., 1963.
  10. ↑ Munich geographical booklets . Published by M. Lassleben, p. 139, 1960.
  11. ↑ Spelling variations: "Kreen macht scheen"; "Horseradish makes you nice".
  12. ↑ a b Gartenbau im Reich: A monthly with pictures for the garden and flower lover, lover and specialist . Gärtnerische Verlagsgesellschaft, p. 237, 1938.
  13. ↑ Weltgenusserbe - Bayerischer Meerrettich ( Memento of the original from May 27, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.weltgenusserbe.de
  14. ^ Kurt Wilhelm: Richard Strauss personally: a picture biography . Henschel, 1999, ISBN 978-3-89487-326-4 , p. 21.
  15. ↑ Bon Appétit . Bon Appétit Publishing Corporation, page 41, January 1995 : ... and the Krenweiberl, the rosy-cheeked horseradish sellers clad in flower-sprigged dimdls and matching kerchiefs tied over hair coiled in buns ... ; German about ... and the horseradish women, red-cheeked horseradish sellers in dirndls with flower patterns and matching headscarves over their pinned up hair ...
  16. ^ Ch. Franz, International Society for Horticultural Science: First International Symposium on Spices and Medicinal Plants, [held at] Freising-Weihenstephan, Fed. Rep. Germany, 31 July-4 August 1977 . International Society for Horticultural Science, p. 18, 1978.
  17. ^ Gert Richter: Germany: Portrait of a Nation . Bertelsmann Lexikothek Verl., 1988, ISBN 978-3-570-08718-3 , p. 202.
  18. ^ Elisabeth Roth, Klaus Guth: Upper Franconia in the 19th and 20th centuries . Bayerische Verlagsanstalt, 1990, ISBN 978-3-87052-992-5 , p. 525 ..
  19. ↑ Markt Neunkirchen am Brand: Laura wears the “Festtochi Tracht” of her grandma , April 29, 2008.
  20. ↑ Krenstadt Baiersdorf - Kren-Markt ( Memento of the original from May 27, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.baiersdorf.de
  21. ^ Fränkische Geographische Gesellschaft: Mitteilungen . Self-published by the Franconian Geographical Society, p. 139., 1971.
  22. ↑ Duden: ratchet
  23. ↑ Tilman Spengler: The virtuosity to mourn , Die Zeit, No. 42, October 14, 1988.
  24. ↑ a b Hans Gasser: Pretty Sharp , Die Zeit, No. 40, September 28, 2006.
  25. ↑ The end of a Munich sales culture: The Last Weiberl , evening newspaper, March 17, 2010.
  26. ^ OB Ude says goodbye to the last "Franconian Krenweiberl" , Rathaus-Umschau der Landeshauptstadt München, issue 146, p. 4, 4th August 2010.
  27. ↑ Umdraaht the Association of German Stage and Media Publishers
  28. ↑ Georg Harrieder: D 'Eisheiligen and die Kalt' Sophie: rural. Comedy in 3 acts . Koehler, 1985.
  29. ↑ D'Eisheiligen and die Kalt 'Sophie , Bayerisches Fernsehen