Justenberg copper mine
The Justenberg copper mine on the mountain of the same name near Hagen (today part of the town of Sundern in the Hochsauerland district ) was an early modern mining operation that probably dates back to the Middle Ages.
history
The start of mining on the Justenberg near Hagen is unclear. On the top of the mountain there are pingen fields , which probably go back to the Middle Ages. On the mountain, the deposits were first developed through pinging and shafts before the construction of tunnels was started. Therefore, two mouth holes of studs are visible below the area with the pings . Other still recognizable tunnels come from mining in the 19th and 20th centuries.
According to the description of the Oberbergamt Bonn , the ores consisting of copper pyrites and colored copper ore occur like a vein in the Lenne slate .
The copper mining at Justenberg was only mentioned in writing in 1664 in a quarterly statement for the period from November 1664 to February 1665. At that time the mine was already an electoral copper mine. This was subordinate to the electoral mountain master Christoph Frantze . At that time, the workforce consisted of only one Steiger and three miners. The miners came from Silbach .
The source apparently does not indicate a time of mining, but a phase of the tunnel construction, as there was often talk of sharpening the drill. In the report of the miner Engelhardt from the year 1668 it was said: "The copper mine near Freyheit Hagen der Gusenberg cannot be worked on until a dieffer tunnel is built into it."
The records are so clean that they couldn't have come from a miner. An electoral functionary must have been at Justenberg at this time. The miners were paid in shift wages and not, as usual, as things . The weekly wage was 54 silver groschen for the local elder, 45 silver groschen for the tusker, and 36 silver groschen for the tractor.
How long the sovereign company dates back and whether it even has a tradition that goes back to the Middle Ages must remain unclear without sources. There is the hypothesis that the founding of the Freedom Hagen in the 13th century goes back to the mining industry interests of the Counts of Arnsberg .
The attempts of the 17th century to revive mining on the Justenberg in the long term were unsuccessful. This changed only in the middle of the 18th century. Parts of the mining on Justenberg belonged to the Fürstenberg family, others to the Plettenberg-Lenhausen family . This had two mines built in 1748. Johann Theodor Möller owned a mine near Hagen, probably also on Justenberg. This served to supply his copper hammer in Warstein . However, there was another interruption in mining. From 1791 it was reported that mining had been at a standstill for a long time. The Arndts family had rights to the Justenberg in 1817, but did not use them.
Mining began again in 1860 with a suggestion from Anton Hoppe. In 1862 a union was formed. Most of the shareholders came from Allendorf and Hagen themselves. Copper pyrites, colored copper ore and acidified copper ores were promoted. A colliery building was erected in front of the tunnel entrance. The workforce consisted of only two miners who were initially occupied with exploration work. A 140 m long tunnel was driven into the mountain by 1868, before mining was stopped again in 1868. However, the union persisted. In 1890, the Oberbergamt reported that mining on the Justenberg had ceased entirely.
Even later there were at least mining efforts. The trade union of the ore and potash mine Justenberg has Kuxscheine from 1896. In addition to Hagen, it was also active in Weetzen and Herne. The union became a subsidiary of Kali-Chemi AG with headquarters in Berlin in 1943 under the name of the German union (Justenberg).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Reininghaus, Wilfried / Köhne, Reinhard: Mining, smelting and hammer works in the Duchy of Westphalia in the Middle Ages and in the early modern period. Münster, 2008 p. 393
- ^ Description of the mountain areas Arnsberg, Brilon and Olpe as well as the principalities of Waldeck and Pyrmont. Bonn, 1890 p. 121
- ↑ Reininghaus, Wilfried / Köhne, Reinhard: Mining, smelting and hammer works in the Duchy of Westphalia in the Middle Ages and in the early modern period. Münster, 2008 p. 393
- ↑ Reininghaus, Wilfried / Köhne, Reinhard: Mining, smelting and hammer works in the Duchy of Westphalia in the Middle Ages and in the early modern period. Münster, 2008 p. 393
- ^ Rudolf Friedrich: About the copper mining Justenberg in Sundern-Hagen. In; Mining in the Sauerland. Schmallenberg, 1996 p. 98
- ↑ Reininghaus, Wilfried / Köhne, Reinhard: Mining, smelting and hammer works in the Duchy of Westphalia in the Middle Ages and in the early modern period. Münster, 2008 p. 394
- ↑ Reininghaus, Wilfried / Köhne, Reinhard: Mining, smelting and hammer works in the Duchy of Westphalia in the Middle Ages and in the early modern period. Münster, 2008 p. 394
- ↑ On the history of copper mining on Justenberg in Hagen ( Memento of the original from June 5, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Description of the mountain areas Arnsberg, Brilon and Olpe as well as the principalities of Waldeck and Pyrmont. Bonn, 1890 p. 121
- ^ "Justenberg" copper ore mine in Hagen
Coordinates: 51 ° 15 ′ 40.1 ″ N , 7 ° 57 ′ 38.7 ″ E