Léon Metchnikoff
Leon Metchnikoff ( Russian Лев Ильич Мечников ., Scientific transliteration Lev Il'ič Mečnikov , dt form Lew Ilyich Mechnikov;. * May 18 jul. / Thirtieth May 1838 greg. In St. Petersburg ; † June 18 jul. / 30th June 1888 greg. In Clarens VD ) was a Russian geographer .
Metchnikoff worked on Élisée Reclus ' Nouvelle Géographie Universelle , was a lecturer at the Neuchâtel Academy from 1883 to 1888 and co-founder of the Société neuchâteloise de geographie in 1885 . The Mechnikov Peak and the Metschnikow Nunatakker in the Antarctic are named after him.
origin
The aristocrat Metschnikow was the son of a guard officer from St. Petersburg and a writer's daughter. The paternal ancestors immigrated from Moldova to Russia at the beginning of the 18th century , Mechnikov's name (meč: Russian for "sword") is a loan translation from Romanian "Spatarenko" ("sword bearer"). His maternal grandfather was the writer Lev Nikolajewitsch Newachowitsch (Jechuda Lejb Ben Noach, 1776–1831) from Podolia , one of the first Jewish enlighteners ( Haskala ) in Russia. His younger brother was the Nobel Prize winner for medicine Ilya Ilyich Metschnikow (1845-1916), his other brother Iwan was the literary model for the main character in The Death of Iwan Ilyich by Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy .
Fonts (selection)
- L'empire japonais. Imprimerie orientale de L'Atsume Gusa, Genève 1878.
- La Civilization et les grands fleuves historiques. Hachette, Paris 1889.
- Renato Risaliti (ed.): Memorie di un garibaldino - la spedizione dei mille (= Biblioteca del viaggio in Italia - Grandi libri del centocinquantenario dell'unità dell'Italia. Volume 91). Centro interuniversitario di ricerche sul viaggio in Italia, Moncalieri 2008, ISBN 978-88-7760-091-2 .
- Renato Risaliti (ed.): Sull'Italia risorgimentale (= Biblioteca del viaggio in Italia - Grandi libri del centocinquantenario dell'unità dell'Italia. Volume 96). Centro interuniversitario di ricerche sul viaggio in Italia, Moncalieri 2011, ISBN 978-88-7760-096-7 .
literature
- Élisée Reclus : Préface. In: Léon Metchnikoff: La Civilization et les grands fleuves historiques. Hachette, Paris 1889, pp. V-xxviii. (French: Wikisource ).
- Peter Jud: Léon Metchnikoff (Lev Il'ič Mečnikov), 1838–1888. A Russian geographer in Switzerland. Oriole, Zurich 1995, OCLC 37141368 .
- Federico Ferretti: Il mondo senza la mappa. Elisée Reclus ei geografi anarchici. Zero in Condotta, Milan 2007, OCLC 37141368 .
- Federico Ferretti: Elisée Reclus, pour une geographie nouvelle. CTHS, Paris 2014, OCLC 37141368 .
Web links
- Literature by and about Léon Metchnikoff in the bibliographic database WorldCat
- Entry in Brockhaus-Efron
- De l'empathie en geographie in the Cybergeo
- Article Léon Metchnikoff in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)
- Léon Metchnikoff at the biography construction site of anarchists in Switzerland (Italian, French)
Individual evidence
- ^ Peter Jud: Léon Metchnikoff. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
personal data | |
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SURNAME | Metchnikoff, Léon |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Мечников, Лев Ильич (Russian); Mečnikov, Lev Il'ič (scientific transliteration); Metschnikow, Lev Iljitsch (German form) |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Russian geographer |
DATE OF BIRTH | May 30, 1838 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | St. Petersburg |
DATE OF DEATH | June 30, 1888 |
Place of death | Clarens VD |