Lactocollybia variicystis

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Lactocollybia variicystis
Systematics
Class : Agaricomycetes
Subclass : Agaricomycetidae
Order : Mushroom-like (Agaricales)
Family : Vertigo relatives (Marasmiaceae)
Genre : Lactocollybia
Type : Lactocollybia variicystis
Scientific name
Lactocollybia variicystis
DA Reid & Eicker

Lactocollybia variicystis is a seldom found species of fungus of the genus Lactocollybia, which is predominantly distributed in the tropics and the southern hemisphere. The species grows on dead wood. The species was also found in Europe, presumably introduced with wood.

features

According to the initial description , the species is characterized by the following features:

Macroscopic features

The hat is 0.2–1.8 cm wide, first convex, soon shielding, finally spread out flat, ivory-colored, weakly striped to slightly grooved at the edge. The lamellae are attached, often with teeth, they are colored like the hat, and occasionally forked at the base of the hat. The stem is 0.5–3.2 cm long and 0.1–0.18 cm in diameter, it is cylindrical, occasionally flattened and longitudinally grooved, velvety, colored like the hat, the base is widened up to 0.3 cm, it is attached to the substrate by wadding mycelial discs.

The spore powder is off-white.

The smell is faintly mushroom-like.

Microscopic features

The spores measure (6–) 6.5–8 (–9) × 4.5–5.5 (–6) µm and are broadly almond-shaped to normal almond-shaped, partly ellipsoidal, partly apple-seed-shaped, thin-walled, smooth, colorless. hyaline, collapse quickly, have no germ pore, contain an oil droplet and are neither amyloid nor dextrinoid . The length-to-width ratio of the spores averages around 1.5.

The context of the hat, lamellas and stem consists of a gloeo system of unconnected fusoid elements that are up to 150 µm long and up to 11.6 µm in diameter. Hyphae of the hat context 4–11.6 µm in diameter, thin-walled, hyaline, interwoven, with buckles. Lamellar trama regular, consists of thin-walled, hyaline, parallel hyphae, up to 16.5 µm in diameter, with buckles, yellowish, fusoid segments of the gloeo system are present.

The stalk hyphae are thin-walled, hyaline, parallel, 3.3–8 µm in diameter, together with fusoid, yellowish segments of the gloeosystem. Cheilocystidae 17–40 × 5–11 µm, very variable in shape, from layer-shaped to cylindrical or fusiform, also lanceolate or with a swollen base that changes abruptly into a long, wavy neck that is rounded or ends with a head, 4–8.5 µm In diameter. Pleurocystidae formed as gloeocystidae, cylindrical or subcylindrical, easy to stain yellow. These gloeocystids, which are located in the hymenium but do not protrude, measure up to 40 × 9 µm. The Kaulocystiden are similar to the Cheilocystiden, but are smaller.

ecology

In South Africa, after the first description, the species was first found scattered on a stump of willow ( Salix ). Later it appeared in a flower pot in the Netherlands on wood chips of unknown origin used to grow orchids. In Germany, too , Lactocollybia variicystis was found in an orchid flower pot ( Phalenopsis spec.) On an orchid substrate , which mostly consists of crushed bark. This is not an outdoor find, but a find in a house, i.e. in a permanently frost-protected place.

Species delimitation

With Lactocollybia subvariicystis , a very similar species was described from China in 2016. In addition to the ITS region of the rDNA, it also differs in terms of its longer and narrower spores, which measure (8–) 8.5–9.5 (–10.5) × 4.5–5.3 μm.

Lactocollybia epia is also macroscopically similar, but forms slightly larger fruiting bodies and its spores are slightly more elongated on average - the length-width ratio here is around 1.9 on average.

Lactocollybia globosa is also very similar, but rather grows individually, not in clusters, while Lactocollybia variicystis likes to develop many fruiting bodies, sometimes also in clusters. The species can be recognized microscopically by the rather subglobos-shaped spores.

Lacotcollybia piliicystis differs through smaller spores, which are only 5.75–6.2 × 3.2–4.5 µm in size, and also through slimmer cheilocystids.

The species Hydropus liciosae was described from the island of Corsica and then transferred to the genus Lactocollybia as Lacotcollybia liciosae . Later this species was synonymous with Lactocollybia variicystis . However, this synonymisation is sometimes questioned or has yet to be genetically tested.

Systematics

The assignment of the genetically monophyletic genus to the family of vertigo relatives is to be regarded as provisional, since the exact systematic position within the mushroom-like n has not been clarified. An assignment to the hydropoid clade (now the family Porotheleaceae ) has not been confirmed despite the anatomical similarity with the genus Hydropus .

literature

  • Egon Horak: Bolete and agaric mushrooms in Europe . Spektrum-Verlag, 2005. ISBN 3-8274-1478-4 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c d Derek A. Reid & Albert Eicker (1998): South African fungi. 6. The genus Lactocollybia (Basidiomycota) in South Africa. Mycotaxon 66: 153-163. Full text of the first description
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Thomas Glaser: For the first time in Germany: the exotic agaric mushroom Lactocollybia variicystis . In: Mycologia Bavarica . tape 17 , 2016, p. 25-33 .
  3. ↑ Luciën Rommelaars (2014): Tropical verrassing in een orchideeënbloempot Lactocollybia variicystis DA Reid & Eicker, nieuw voor Nederland. Coolia 57 (2): 79-82. PDF
  4. ↑ a b c d M.I. Hosen, TH Li, XN Chen, WQ Deng: Lactocollybia subvariicystis, a new species of little known genus Lactocollybia from subtropical south China . In: Mycosphere . tape 7 , no. 6 , 2016, p. 794-800 , doi : 10.5943 / mycosphere / 7/6/10 ( mycosphere.org [PDF]).
  5. ^ M. Contu, G. Robich: Hydropus liciosae spec. nov. Con chiave per la determinazione delle specie del genere Hydropus in Europe. In: Rivista di Micologia . tape 41 , no. 2 , 1998, p. 109-118 .
  6. ↑ Marco Contu: Il genere Lactocollybia Sing. (Agaricales, Tricholomataceae) in Sardegna . In: Boll. Assoc. Micol. Ecologica Romana . tape 49-50 , 2000, pp. 9-15 .
  7. ^ Anton Hausknecht (2008): Lactocollybia dendrobii (Tricholomataceae, Agaricales), a new species from a flower pot in Austria. Austrian Journal of Mushroom Science 17: 53–57.

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