Lagoa do Fogo

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Lagoa do Fogo
Lagoa do Fogo, Miradouro da Serra da Barrosa, Vila Franca do Campo, ilha de São Miguel, Açores.JPG
Geographical location Ribeira Grande District , Sao Miguel , Azores , Portugal
Data
Coordinates 37 ° 45 '25 "  N , 25 ° 28' 0"  W Coordinates: 37 ° 45 '25 "  N , 25 ° 28' 0"  W.
Lagoa do Fogo (Azores)
Lagoa do Fogo
Altitude above sea level 575  m
surface 1.36 km²
length 2.25 km
width 1.1 km
Maximum depth 30 m

particularities

Crater lake

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Lagoa do Fogo ( Portuguese 'fire lagoon') is a lake in Portugal on the Azores island of São Miguel in the district of Vila Franca do Campo . The crater lake is located in the middle of the island in the inner caldera of the stratovolcano Água de Pau and was created in 1563 after an eruption of Pico da Sapateira , which has not existed since then.

The lake is located at a height of 575 m above sea level and, contrary to what is often said, is not one of the highest lakes on the island, but rather one of the lower. With an area of ​​1.36 km², it is the third largest lake in São Miguel and the second deepest with a depth of 30 m. From the time it was formed, carbon dioxide is trapped in liquid form in the lake's deep water. The lake water has a low pH value , but fish and amphibians live in the lake. The Iberian water frog and the Alpine crested newt spawn in shallow pools in the edge area .

The lake is located in a mountain zone that is hardly populated and is also officially protected against building. In the area there is still endemic laurel forest ( Laurisilva ), which was native to Europe and the rest of the Mediterranean in the warmer Tertiary . The vegetation includes a variety of Azorean endemics. These include the laurel Laurus azorica , the juniper Juniperus brevifolia , the tree heather Erica azorica , the buckthorn Frangula azorica , as well as the St. John's wort Hypericum foliosum and the milkweed Euphorbia stygiana .

The area is considered a bird paradise. Despite the distance to the sea, sea birds like the common tern (Sterna hirundo) and the Atlantic representative of the Mediterranean seagull, Larus michahellis atlantis, nest here . Azorean subspecies of land birds such as the common buzzard Buteo buteo rothschild , the wood pigeon Columba palumbus azorica , the blackbird Turdus merula azorensis and the gray wagtail Motacilla cinerea patriciae also live in the area.

This rare habitat was designated as a nature reserve in 1974 , which currently covers an area of ​​5.07 km². The area is also part of the Natura 2000 network.

The environmental conditions of the lake are favorable compared to other lakes on the island. Nevertheless, the nutrient content is so high here that the water is classified as mesotrophic .

gallery

See also

literature

  • D. Medeiros, JV Cruz, A. Malcata, S. Mendes: Monitorização da Qualidade da Água das Lagoas de São Miguel Miguel - Comparação de resultados entre 2001 and 2004. Governo regional dos Açores, Secretaria Regional do Ambiente e do Mar, Direcção Regional do Ordenamento do Território e dos Recursos Hídricos (Ed.), 2005.

Web links

Commons : Lagoa do Fogo  - Collection of Images

Individual evidence

  1. a b c d Information board on the ER5 road at the viewpoint above the lake, seen on January 2, 2011
  2. Michael Bussmann: Azores. 4th edition. Michael Müller Verlag, Erlangen 2010, ISBN 978-3-89953-576-1 , p. 219.
  3. a b Governo dos Açores: Nature Reserve of Lagoa do Fogo , accessed on October 6, 2011
  4. Joao Porteiro, Helena Calado, Margarida Pereira, José Eduardo Ventura, Luz Paramio: PLANEAMENTO BIOFÍSICO E GESTÃO DE ECOSSISTEMAS LACUSTRES. Universidade dos Açores, Ponta Delgada> 2005, p. 14 (PDF 0.5 MB)