Nipigo Lake
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Lake Nipigon Lake Nipigon, Lac Nipigon |
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| Geographical location | Thunder Bay District in Ontario (Canada) | |
| Tributaries |
Ombabika River , Little Jackfish River , Onaman River , Wabinosh River , Pikitigushi River , Namewaminikan River , Blackwater River |
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| Drain | Nipigon River | |
| Location close to the shore | Nipigon | |
| Data | ||
| Coordinates | 49 ° 50 ′ N , 88 ° 30 ′ W | |
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| Altitude above sea level | 260 m | |
| surface | 4th 848 km² | |
| Maximum depth | 165 m | |
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particularities |
Sand color green-black like pyroxene ; |
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| Community Center of the Biinjitiwaabik Zaaging Anishnabek First Nation | ||
The Nipigonsee ( English Lake Nipigon ; French Lac Nipigon ) is a lake in the Canadian province of Ontario .
It is located around 120 km northeast of the city of Thunder Bay . Since none of the Great Lakes is entirely in Canada, the Nipigon Lake is the largest lake with an area of 4848 km² that is entirely located in the province. It has a very irregular bank course and includes numerous islands. It is also often called the sixth of the Great Lakes and geologically actually belongs to them. For historical reasons, however, it is not counted among these lakes.
The lake is drained into the Upper Lake via the Nipigon River and is its largest water supplier. In between there is a 76 m gradient (120 km route). The place Nipigon lies between Nipigon and Upper Lake .
The largest islands in Lake Nipigo are Caribou , Geikie , Katatota , Kelvin , Shakespeare , Murchison, and Logan Island .
Northwest of the lake is the Wabakimi Provincial Park, the second largest park in Ontario .
history
Today's Anishinabe go back to immigrants, whose paths are difficult to reconstruct. These groups are today the Animbiigoo Zaagi'igan Anishinaabek (Lake Nipigon Ojibway) First Nation (July 2015: 481 members), the Biinjitiwabik Zaaging (Rocky Bay) Anishinaabek First Nation (726), the Bingwi Neyaashi (Sand Point) Anishinaabek First Nation ( 261), the Red Rock (Lake Helen) First Nation (1,793), and the Gull Bay First Nation (1,343).
In the Jesuit reports , the Jesuit relations , the lake lac Alimibeg is later also called Alemipigon or Alepigon . The name Lake Nepigon did not appear until the 18th century . Possibly the name derives from Animbiigoong ("water that is lost behind the horizon"). Today they call it Animbiigoo-zaaga'igan . Only a few maps tell us about the name. In 1778 he was referred to in John Mitchell Il Paese de 'Selvaggi Outauacesi, e Kilistinesi Intorno al Lago Superiore as Lago Nepigon . For a long time the lake was named after St. Anna St. Ann (e) Lake, and it was not until the end of the 19th century that the current shape became established.
On May 29, 1667, the Jesuit Claude Allouez celebrated the first mass on the Nipigon River. He had followed the Nipissing Indians who had avoided the Iroquois Wars of around 1649 westward. In 1678 Daniel Greysolon, Sieur du Lhut set up a fur trading post called Fort Tourette . For this he had chosen the name of his brother, Claude Greysolon, Sieur de la Tourette. It may have been in Ombabika Bay in the northeast of the lake, where the river of the same name and the Little Jackfish River (Kabasakkandagaming) flow into the lake. In 1744 Jean de La Porte should receive the earned income from catches at Lac Alempigon.
After 1763, when the French had to cede their colony, the Hudson's Bay Company (HBC) succeeded the French fur traders. In 1850 the British colonial government forced the local Anishinabe to sign a treaty, the Robinson Treaty. A four square mile reserve was created on the Gull River near the lake on either side of the river. It was given to Chief Mishe-muckqua ( Mishi-makwa , Big Bear). From 1871 the area belonged to the Thunder Bay District .
In 1852 a Jesuit mission originated at Lake Helen, south of Lake Nipigon, which was initially called Opoo-gan-asin. A church was built there from 1878 to 1880 and still exists today.
In 1872, HBC expected the railway to be expanded and prepared for extensive construction work. Chief Trader Robert Crawford believed the Red Rock Post would be the railroad terminus. Although these plans failed, the post became the main distribution center for goods in the lake's catchment area. In addition, with the completion of the railway connection in 1885, a stronger influx of settlers into the region began. In 1898, the HBC moved its trading post to the Canadian Pacific Railway station , which fell victim to a fire in 1924. The town of Nipigon was incorporated in 1908, the rebuilt trading post existed until 1999. Some settlers settled in the so-called Mudflats near the river, but they lived mainly from fishing, hunting and a little cattle-raising.
South of Lake Nipigon, a regionally important fishing tourism emerged at the end of the 19th century, an occupation that members of the British royal family also pursued there. Even double-deckers could land here. There the Nipigon Lodge was built , which was later renamed after the royal family Royal Windsor Lodge . Numerous Anishinabe worked here as guides or porters.
In 1943 Canada and the USA agreed on the Ogoki diversion , through which water flowed into Lake Superior, which had previously entered James Bay , the southern bay of Hudson Bay . The diversion led water from the Ogoki River into Lake Nipigon. Three power plants on the Nipigon River were operated with this water . In 1953 the houses in the Mudflats were demolished because there were major plans for industrial use.
The Whitesand First Nation also lived on the northwest shore of Lake Nipigon until 1942 , but was relocated that year. Today around 5,000 Indians live around the lake. Directly on Lake Nipigon there are three Indian reserves that are currently uninhabited. These are McIntyre Bay Indian reserve 54 , shared by four tribes, Jackfish Island 57 , which claims the Gull Bay First Nation, and Red Rock (Parmachene) 53 , which governs the Red Rock First Nation.
A provincial park , Lake Nipigon Provincial Park, was set up on the east side of the lake . In 1999 the park was reduced from 14.58 to 9.18 km². This in turn became a reservation for the Sand Point First Nation.
Meanwhile, the railway line, whose station was demolished decades ago, will be completely removed.
See also
Web links
- Facts about Canada - Lakes , archive.org, April 26, 2006.
- International Lake Superior Board of Control
supporting documents
- ↑ INAC, Animbiigoo Zaagi'igan Anishinaabek ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ INAC Biinjitiwaabik Zaaging Anishinaabek ( Memento of the original from December 18, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ INAC, Bingwi Neyaashi Anishinaabek ( Memento of the original from March 6, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ INAC, Red Rock ( Memento of the original from February 2, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ INAC, Gull Bay ( Memento of the original from March 5, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ I'm following the local plaque here.
- ^ Brock University Map Library
