Leipzig School
The Leipzig School is the name given to several scientific schools that have emerged at the University of Leipzig , especially in the subjects of sociology , psychology and linguistics .
sociology
In the narrower (and mostly used) sense, the Leipzig School of Sociology encompasses the group of scholars that the cultural philosopher and sociologist Hans Freyer had formed around himself at the University of Leipzig : He saw National Socialism as an opportunity to be effective; some of his students were also politically active National Socialists. Freyer's attitude in the youth movement included - for himself - a limited ('allied') liberality towards dissenters. This circle may Arnold Gehlen , Gotthard Günther , Gunther Ipsen , Heinz mouse , Karl Heinz Pfeffer , Helmut Schelsky u. a. be expected.
Although the ideology - monopoly of the NSDAP knew how to prevent university competition, many members of this school - if they did not emigrate (Günther) or had to look for a niche in the "Third Reich" as socialists (Maus) - had a university career by 1945 . When the school emptied as a result, Freyer saw no future for this approach and accepted (during the war) a call for a visiting professorship at the University of Budapest . 1945–1947 he taught again in Leipzig, was forced out of office and continued to publish in West Germany (also worked at the Großer Brockhaus ) and finally taught as emeritus at the University of Münster .
psychology
In psychology, too, one speaks of a Leipzig school . It is divided into a "first Leipzig school" ( Wilhelm Wundt with his ethnic psychology - see also Wundt Laboratory ) and a "second Leipzig school" ( Felix Krueger , Friedrich Sander ).
linguistics
In Indo-European studies, the Leipzig School also includes the researchers around Karl Brugmann and August Leskien in the last third of the 19th century , who were called young grammarians .
Oriental studies
A main branch of Arabic and classical studies in the former GDR was also referred to as the “Leipzig School”, and Professor Lothar Rathmann at the Oriental Institute of Karl Marx University was considered to be the main representative or pioneer of this school . A student of Rathmann was z. B. Gerhard Höpp .
The Orientalist and Islamic Studies departments of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg in nearby Halle (Saale) followed this Leipzig school for a long time.
literature
- Karl-Siegbert Rehberg : Hans Freyer (1887-1960). Arnold Gehlen (1904–1976). Helmut Schelsky (1912-1984). In: Dirk Kaesler (Ed.): Classics of Sociology. Volume 2: From Talcott Parsons to Pierre Bourdieu (= Beck's series. 1289). 5th, revised, updated and expanded edition. Beck, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-406-42089-4 , pp. 72-104.
- Karl-Siegbert Rehberg: Sociological thought traditions. "Schools", circles and discourses in German sociology (= Suhrkamp-Taschenbuch Wissenschaft. 1426). Suhrkamp, Frankfurt am Main 2001, ISBN 3-518-29026-6 .
- E. Bradford Titchener : The Leipsic School of Experimental Psychology. In: Min . (NS) Vol. 1, No. 2, 1892, pp. 206-234, JSTOR 2247290 .
- Elfriede Üner: The ingress of life into history. Cultural and social theory of the "Leipzig School" between 1900 and 1945. In: Hartmut Lehmann , Otto Gerhard Oexle (ed.): National Socialism in the Cultural Studies. Volume 1: Subjects - Milieus - Careers (= publications by the Max Planck Institute for History. 200). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2004, ISBN 3-525-35198-4 , pp. 211-239.
Individual evidence
- ↑ See Harald Wiese: A journey through time to the origins of our language. How Indo-European Studies explains our words. Logos-Verlag, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-8325-1601-7 (2nd, revised and corrected edition, ibid 2010).