Pachycereus

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Pachycereus
Pachycereus pringlei

Pachycereus pringlei

Systematics
Nuclear eudicotyledons
Order : Clove-like (Caryophyllales)
Family : Cactus family (Cactaceae)
Subfamily : Cactoideae
Tribe : Pachycereeae
Genre : Pachycereus
Scientific name
Pachycereus
( A. Berger ) Britton & Rose

Pachycereus is a genus of plants inthe cactus family (Cactaceae). The botanical name is derived from the Greek adjective "παχύς" (pachys) for thick and refers to the strong shoots of the plants.

description

The species of the genus Pachycereus grow like a candelabra, tree-like to shrubby and are often enormous, with a height of up to 25 meters. The green to bluish-green, strong shoots are upright. They have ribs but no warts. Areoles from which no flowers arise are thorny, the rest can be densely covered with wool and without thorns . The no less than 4 central spines are strong and 2 to 10 centimeters long. The 20 or more strong radial spines are 2 to 7 inches long.

The small to medium-sized flowers are short-tube, funnel-shaped or bell-shaped and usually open at night. The flower tube is scaled. The areoles of the pericarpellet and the flower tube are bare, woolly or bristly. The elongated fleshy fruits are densely covered with wool and bristles. They are up to 7.5 inches long and burst irregularly. They contain large, helmet-shaped, smooth and shiny black seeds .

Systematics and distribution

Pachycereus is widespread in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico . The distribution area includes Baja California , Honduras and Guatemala .

Alwin Berger established Pachycereus in 1905 as a subgenus of Cereus ( Cereus subg. Pachycereus ). Nathaniel Lord Britton and Joseph Nelson Rose raised the subgenus in 1909 to the rank of a genus. The type species of the genus is Cereus pringlei .

The genus includes the following species:

Synonyms of the genus are Lemaireocereus Britton & Rose , Lophocereus Britton & Rose , Anisocereus Backeb. , Marginatocereus Backeb. , Mitrocereus Backeb. , Backebergia Bravo , Pterocereus T. MacDoug. & Miranda and Pseudomitrocereus Bravo & Buxb.

proof

literature

  • Edward F. Anderson : The Great Cactus Lexicon . Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-8001-4573-1 , p. 488-494 .
  • Curt Backeberg : Die Cactaceae: Handbuch der Kakteenkunde . 2nd Edition. tape IV . Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart New York 1984, ISBN 3-437-30383-X , p. 2138-2155 .
  • NL Britton , JN Rose : The Cactaceae. Descriptions and Illustrations of Plants of the Cactus Family . tape II . The Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington 1920, p. 68-76 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A. Berger: A Systematic Revision of the Genus Cereus . In: Report of the Missouri Botanical Garden . Volume 16, p. 63, St. Louis 1905
  2. ^ NL Britton, JN Rose: The Genus Cereus and its Allies in North America . In: Contributions from the United States National Herbarium . Volume 12, pp. 420, 1909, online
  3. ^ Edward F. Anderson : The great cactus lexicon . Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-8001-4573-1 , p. 488-494 .

further reading

  • Salvador Arias, Teresa Terrazas, Kenneth Cameron: Phylogenetic Analysis of Pachycereus (Cactaceae, Pachycereeae) based on Chloroplast and Nuclear DNA Sequences . In: Systematic Botany . Volume 28, Number 3, 2003, pp. 547-557, JSTOR 25063894 .
  • Salvador Arias, Teresa Terrazas: Taxonomic Revision of Pachycereus (Cactaceae) . In: Systematic Botany . Volume 34, number 1, 2009, pp. 68-83, doi : 10.1600 / 036364409787602384 .
  • Salvador Arias, Teresa Terrazas: Seed morphology and variation in the genus Pachycereus (Cactaceae) . In: Journal of Plant Research . Volume 117, 2004, pp. 277-289, doi : 10.1007 / s10265-004-0156-4 .
  • Salvador Arias, Teresa Terrazas: Análisis cladístico del género Pachycereus (Cactaceae) con caracteres morfológicos . In: Brittonia . Volume 58, Number 3, 2006, pp. 197-216, doi : 10.1663 / 0007-196X (2006) 58 [197: ACDGPC] 2.0.CO; 2 .
  • John D. Nason, JL Hamrick, Theodore H. Fleming: Historical Vicariance and Postglacial Colonization Effects on the Evolution of Genetic Structure in Lophocereus, a Sonoran Desert Columnar Cactus . In: evolution . Volume 56, number 11, 2002, pp. 2214-2266, doi : 10.1554 / 0014-3820 (2002) 056 [2214: HVAPCE] 2.0.CO; 2 .

Web links

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