Leo Smoschewer

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Leo Smoschewer (* 11. March 1875 , † 15. July 1938 in Breslau ) was a German mechanical engineering - entrepreneurs . Smoschewer's art collection, which included numerous paintings, watercolors and graphics by well-known artists, is still known today.

Life

Leo Smoschewer was co-owner of the Society for Light Rail Industry Smoschewer & Co., founded in 1899 and aryanized in 1938, in Breslau, which manufactured locomotives and wagons for light railways , road rollers and other machines. The company had branches in Berlin, Gdansk and Prague as well as in Romania. Smoschewer had been the Romanian consul general in Wroclaw since 1924. In the same year he was made an honorary senator of the Technical University of Wroclaw . After 1933, the persecution of the Jews also hit the Smoschewer family. The company was Aryanized in 1938. In the course of Aryanization, the field railway factory FW Budich emerged from his company in 1938 .

Villa Smoschewer, Lindenallee 12 in Breslau (views)

Leo Smoschewer was a son of the grain wholesaler Emanuel Smoschewer, who came from Krotoschin to Breslau, and his wife Henriette Smoschewer, nee. Rich . He and his wife Elise lived in a villa at Lindenallee 12 in Breslau. The family belonged to the synagogue community in Breslau, Leo Smoschewer had been on the community board since 1927.

After Leo Smoschewer's death, his widow Elise initially wanted to emigrate to her children living abroad, but committed suicide in May 1939.

Collection Smoschewer

The Smoschewer art collection comprised numerous paintings, watercolors and graphics. Mainly represented were German contemporary painters such as Lovis Corinth , Wilhelm Leibl , Max Liebermann , Max Slevogt , Hans Thoma and Wilhelm Trübner , as well as works by teachers from the Breslau Academy of Fine Arts, including Alexander Kanoldt , Konrad von Kardorff , Carlo Mense and Oskar Moll , Hans Purrmann and Max Wislicenus . The art collection also included sculptures by August Gaul , Theodor von Gosen and Georg Kolbe . Elise Smoschewer was portrayed by Lovis Corinth in 1906.

In various cases, a restitution for individual works of art has already been disputed.

Works of art from the collection (selection)

  • Portrait of Elise Smoschewer, 1906 (Lovis Corinth)

  • Portrait of Elise Smoschewer, 1908 (Lovis Corinth)

  • Olevano / Italian Landscape (Alexander Kanoldt)

  • Drawing path with poplars / country road (Max Klinger)

  • Max Slevogt
    • Garden avenue
    • Conrad Ansorge at the piano

  • Gartenallee (Max Slevogt)

  • Conrad Ansorge at the piano (Max Slevogt)

  • Hans Thoma
    • Pensive girl / woman with white horse

  • Drawing pensive girl / woman with white horse

literature

  • Ramona Bräu : "Aryanization" in Breslau. The “de-Jewification” of a German city and its discovery in the Polish memory discourse. VDM Verlag Dr. Müller, Saarbrücken 2008, ISBN 978-3-8364-5958-7 , p. 77 ff. (Chapter 3.4.2 The large Jewish art collections in Silesia - art theft.)
  • Annerose Klammt, Marius Winzeler: "Modern German art had to be brought to bear". To acquire works of art from Jewish property for the art collections in Görlitz. In: Ulf Häder (Ed.): Contributions from public institutions in the Federal Republic of Germany to dealing with cultural goods from former Jewish property. Magdeburg 2001, pp. 119–141.
  • Marius Winzeler: Jewish collectors and patrons in Breslau. From donation to "exploitation" of your art possessions. In: Andrea Baresel-Brand, Peter Müller (Red.): Collect. Pens. Promote. Jewish patrons in German society. Magdeburg 2006, pp. 131-150.
  • Małgorzata Stolarska-Fronia: Udział środowisk Żydów wrocławskich w artystycznym i kulturalnym życiu miasta od emancypacji do 1933 roku. Wydawnictwo Neriton, Warszawa 2008.
  • Małgorzata Stolarska-Fronia: Jewish art collectors from Breslau and their impact on the citys cultural life at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century. In: Annette Weber (Ed.): Jewish collectors and their contribution to the culture of modernity. (International Symposium, 2007, University for Jewish Studies / Center for European Art History of the Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Raphael Rosenberg) Winter, Heidelberg 2011, ISBN 978-3-8253-5907-2 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Kulturwerk Schlesien (Ed.): Schlesien, Vierteljahrsschrift für Kunst, Wissenschaft und Volkstum , Volume 10/11 (1965), p. 227.
  2. ↑ Return of the picture "Conrad Ansorge at the piano" (1912 by Max Slevogt) from the holdings of the Österreichische Galerie Belvedere to the heirs of Smoschewer according to the restitution report 2001/2002 of the Austrian Federal Ministry of Education, Science and Culture, p. 12 ( online as PDF Document with 64 kB)
  3. ↑ Gabriele Anderl: "... significantly more cases than assumed ..." 10 years of the Commission for Provenance Research. Böhlau, Vienna 2009, ISBN 978-3-20578183-7 , p. 458.
  4. ↑ http://www.schlesischesammlungen.eu/Kunstobjekte/Zeichnung/Thoma-Hans-Sinnendes-Maedchen-Frau-mit-Schimmel
personal data
SURNAME Smoschewer, Leo
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German mechanical engineering entrepreneur
DATE OF BIRTH March 11, 1875
PLACE OF BIRTH Germany
DATE OF DEATH July 15, 1938
Place of death Wroclaw