Alexander Kanoldt

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Alexander Kanoldt: Self-Portrait , 1929

Alexander Kanoldt (born September 29, 1881 in Karlsruhe , † January 24, 1939 in Berlin ) was a German painter and professor at the art academy in Berlin.

Live and act

During his art studies at the Karlsruhe Academy he was a student of Ernst Schurth and Friedrich Fehr , whose master class from 1906 to 1909. Here he met Adolf Erbslöh , initially painting in a neo-impressionist manner , with whom he had a lifelong friendship. With him and Wassily Kandinsky , Alexej von Jawlensky , Gabriele Münter , Marianne von Werefkin and others, he founded the Neue Künstlervereinigung München (NKVM) in 1909 , from which the editorial team of the Blauer Reiters emerged in 1911 . Within the NKVM, there were three major group exhibitions in the modern gallery Heinrich Thannhauser in Munich.

Alexander Kanoldt: Still life I / flower pots , 1926
Alexander Kanoldt: Olevano , 1927

In addition to Alexej von Jawlensky, Adolf Erbslöh, Wladimir von Bechtejeff , Paul Klee and Karl Caspar , he was also a member of the Munich New Secession artist group founded in 1913 . During the First World War he served as a reserve officer from 1914 to 1918.

After the war he maintained close relationships with Georg Schrimpf , with whom he represented a magical-realistic variant of the New Objectivity . During a longer stay in Italy together with Adolf Erbslöh, he developed multi-perspective architectural landscapes , nested in a magically rigid form. In 1925 he took part in the Neue Sachlichkeit exhibition in Mannheim , where he was represented alongside Max Beckmann with the largest group of works.

From 1925 to 1931 he was a professor at the State Academy of Arts and Crafts in Breslau . Due to their closure, Kanoldt moved to Garmisch-Partenkirchen . He was plagued by existential worries, which he recorded in letters. It can be seen from these that up to 1932 he was primarily using lithographs of the landscape of his new home as a source of income.

After 1927 he became a member of the Baden Secession and from 1932 a member of the Munich artist group “ Die Sieben ”.

In 1932 Kanoldt and Erbslöh planned a fourth NKVM exhibition for 1934 at the Munich Art Association on the occasion of its founding 25 years ago. It should show works by former members from the Munich and recent years. The exhibition idea could no longer be realized because after the transfer of power to the National Socialists on January 30, 1933, the paintings of the members of the former NKVM were branded as degenerate . Kanoldt, who had replaced the sculptor Edwin Scharff as chairman of the Villa Romana board of trustees in 1934 , was nevertheless able to help the expressionist Otto Freytag get a fellowship stay in the same year.

Kanoldt joined the NSDAP in 1932 . In 1933 he was appointed professor and director at the Berlin Art Academy and as a senator at the Prussian Academy of the Arts . Nevertheless, his works were considered " degenerate " during the National Socialist era and were removed from the public collections in Hamburg and Essen in 1937. In 1936 he had to give up his professorship in Berlin for health reasons.

Works in museums (selection)

literature

  • Wilhelm Hausenstein: Alexander Kanoldt . In: Reclams Universum 43.2 (1927), pp. 855–857 (with 4 illustrations)
  • Edith Ammann: The graphic work of Alexander Kanoldt . Karlsruhe State Art Gallery , Karlsruhe 1963
  • Wolfgang Freiherr von Löhneysen:  Kanoldt, Alexander. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 11, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1977, ISBN 3-428-00192-3 , p. 109 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Museum of New Art Freiburg (Ed.): Alexander Kanoldt 1881-1939. Paintings, drawings, lithographs . Exhibition catalog. Waldkircher Verlagsgesellschaft, Freiburg 1987, ISBN 3-87885-151-0
  • Holger Jacob-Friesen: Alexander Kanoldt. Graphics and paintings from the possession of the Staatliche Kunsthalle Karlsruhe. Staatliche Kunsthalle Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe 2000, ISBN 978-3-9252-1249-9
  • Elke Fegert: Alexander Kanoldt and the still life of the New Objectivity. Publishing house Dr. Kovač, Hamburg 2008, ISBN 978-3-8300-3851-1 .
  • Barbara Ilkosz: Alexander Kanoldt and Breslau . In: Dagmar Schmengler u. a. (Ed.): Painter. Mentor. Magician. Otto Mueller and his network in Breslau, Heidelberg a. a .: Kehrer 2018. ISBN 978-3-86828-873-5 , pp. 214–222.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Angelika Müller-Scherf: Classicism and Realism in the Work of Edmund and Alexander Kanoldt . In: Museum of New Art (Ed.): Alexander Kanoldt 1881-1939. Paintings, drawings, lithography [exhib.-cat.] Freiburg i. Br. 1987, p. 259 .
  2. ^ Adolf Erbslöh: Letter to Otto Fischer from November 26, 1932 . In: Hilde Flory-Fischer: Otto Fischer, an art historian of the twentieth century . Reutlingen 1886 - Basel 1948. Reutlingen 1986, p. 38 f.
  3. ^ Bernd Fäthke: The 4th exhibition of the Neue Künstlervereinigung München . In: Bernd Fäthke: Alexej Jawlensky, heads etched and painted, The Wiesbaden years . Exhibition catalog. Galerie Draheim, Wiesbaden 2012, ISBN 978-3-00-037815-7 , p. 35 ff.
  4. ↑ villaromana.org: Between two new beginnings: The Villa Romana from 1929 to 1959 (PDF file: p. 4; accessed on September 5, 2015)
  5. ↑ detail. Retrieved April 16, 2019 .
  6. ↑ detail. Retrieved April 16, 2019 .
  7. ↑ detail. Retrieved April 16, 2019 .
  8. ↑ detail. Retrieved July 20, 2019 .

Web links

Commons : Alexander Kanoldt  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Kanoldt, Alexander
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Painter and professor at the art academy in Berlin
DATE OF BIRTH September 29, 1881
PLACE OF BIRTH Karlsruhe
DATE OF DEATH January 24, 1939
Place of death Berlin