Liberica coffee
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Liberica coffee ( Coffea liberica ) |
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Liberica coffee ( Coffea liberica ) is a plant of the genus coffee plant ( Coffea ) of the family Rubiaceae (Rubiaceae). The natural range of the species is in the lowlands of West Africa , but the species is also grown in Southeast Asia.
features
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Coffea liberica reaches a height of up to 20 meters as a strong shrub to medium-sized tree when it grows undisturbed . The leaves are elongated, ovate to elliptical, pointed and leathery. They are up to 35 cm long and 15 cm wide and have 6 to 13 cross veins. The leaf margin is slightly wavy. The stipules are 2 to 4 mm short and triangular to ovate. The five (to nine) numbered flowers are in axillary clusters. The red stone fruit when ripe is 1 to 2 cm long and is spread by birds, bats and rodents.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 22.
Systematics
In addition to Coffea liberica var. Liberica, there is another variety:
- Excelsa coffee ( Coffea liberica var. Dewevrei (De Wild. & T.Durand) Lebrun )
use
Liberica coffee is of little economic importance compared to the Robusta and Arabica species . The growing areas include Liberia , Sierra Leone , Central African Republic , Benin , Philippines , Indonesia and Vietnam .
Compared to Arabica or Robusta , Liberica fruits are harder, less juicy, contain less sugar and more caffeine . Therefore, the beans are viewed as comparatively inferior. In addition to Excelsa coffee ( Coffea liberica var. Dewevrei ), Liberica also needs the longest ripening process of 12 to 14 months. However, the variety is considered to be very resistant to parasites and is superior to both Arabica and Robusta in terms of production volume and lifespan.
swell
- Cultivated Rubiaceae in Puff, C. Flora of Thailand
- Coffea liberica at Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER)
Individual evidence
- ^ Coffea liberica at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
