Lidová strana na Moravě

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The Lidová strana na Moravě (German: People's Party in Moravia or Moravian People's Party ), from 1909 Lidová strana pokroková (German: Progressive People's Party ), was a political party in the Austrian crown land of Moravia . The party was founded in 1891 and merged in 1909 with the Moravská pokroková strana (Moravian Progressive Party) to form Lidová strana pokroková (Progressive People's Party).

history

The Moravian People's Party was formed in 1891 through the merger of various oppositional groups of the intelligentsia, peasantry and tradesmen. The groups each had their own press organs and had a dominant influence on the associations "Český politický spolek" in Brno , "Šeská jednota pro Moravu a Szlesko" in Olomouc and "Slovanskyý politický spolek" (Slavic Political Association) in Kremsier . Gradually more and more clubs joined the People's Party, so that in 1896 there were already 25 political associations that committed themselves to the People's Party. The Moravian People's Party was dominated by the liberal Brno wing around Adolf Stránský , who controlled the "Klub Lidové strany" (Club of the People's Party) founded in 1893 and the Lidové noviny (People's Newspaper). In addition, there was a strong wing of the Olomouc peasants in the People's Party and the movement of academic youth, which was close to the ideas of the Bohemian progress movement and the Bohemian “realists”. Although the People's Party stylized itself as the national party of the Czechs, from the 1890s it was the party of the middle class or the lower middle classes with a predominance of peasants. However, in the 1890s the party also tried to win over the employers and the social democratic workers. As a result of the structural change in Moravian society, the entrepreneurs gradually gained greater weight in the People's Party, so that before the First World War the People's Party developed into a party of the urban, Czech economic bourgeoisie.

Due to the superiority of the German parties in the Moravian Landtag and the pragmatic policy of the “National Party”, the successes of the People's Party remained modest in comparison to the Bohemian Young Czechs . In addition, the People's Party in Moravia received little support from the Bohemian Young Czechs, who also pushed for cooperation between the People's Party and the Moravian Old Czechs. As a result, the Moravian People's Party moved closer to the National Party and in 1896 concluded an electoral compromise with it. As a result, the People's Party became the strongest Czech force in the Moravian state elections in 1896 and the Reichsrat election in 1897 , but at the same time it had to act in alliance with the National Party. While the People's Party continued the moderate policy of the National Party in the state parliament, it ran a radical opposition in the Reichsrat, where it did not support the unsuccessful Young Czech language policy. As a result, the People's Party even revised Young Czech principles from its program in favor of Moravia’s needs, while the People’s Party's Reichsrat members resigned from the joint club with the Young Czechs in 1907.

In 1904 the peasant wing split off as Česká agrání strana pro Moravu a Slezsko (Czech Agrarian Party for Moravia and Silesia) in anticipation of the new Reichsrat election order . The progressive wing also became independent as the “Moravská pokroková strana” (Moravian Progressive Party) in 1906/07. As a result, the People's Party lost its position as the strongest Czech party in the Moravian state elections in 1906 and the Reichsrat election in 1907 . As a result of the reorientation of the People's Party, it came closer to the split-off Progressive Party and in 1909 the two parties merged to form Lidová strana pokroková (Progressive People's Party). The Progressive People's Party also cooperated with the Autonomous Social Democrats and the Czech Agrarian Party, with whom it formed the “Block of the Progressive Party” in 1911. This cooperation, however, led to internal party fights and a distance from the Young Czechs, which is why the pro-Young Czech People's Party in Moravia, Lidová strana, split off from the People's Party in 1913 .

literature

  • Jiří Malíř : The parties in Moravia and Silesia and their associations. In: Adam Wandruszka , Peter Urbanitsch (Ed.): The Habsburg Monarchy. 1848-1918. Volume 8: Political Public and Civil Society. Volume 1: Associations, parties and interest groups as carriers of political participation. Publishing house of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 2006, ISBN 3-7001-3540-8 , pp. 705–803.