This article gives an overview of the most important terms and rules in the sport of carom . However, many terms are also used in pool . The terms used in snooker are explained in the list of snooker terms .
Behavior of the ball after touching the boards or after a collision (*). The angle between the band or the common tangent with ball II (*) and an imaginary line in the running direction of the game ball (* ball I) is measured.
American series
Series tour along the boards within the free game (*). Many points (*) can be achieved through repetitive positions. Video
Amorti
Dosed thrusts with the aim of reaching Ball III (*) with Ball I (*) as slowly as possible ( pressure surge ).
anchor
Marked area of the match billiards in the cadre game type (*) at the end points of the cadre lines. The same restrictions apply in these fields as in the actual cadre fields.
admission
Game sequences of the players. The recording begins when the player comes to play according to the rules and ends with a mistake or when the goal of the game is reached (end of the game).
Record limit
If the ED is expected to be below a certain value in a tournament , the tournament management may set a limit on admissions (e.g. 40 points or 50 admissions). If the 40 points are not reached when the 50 admissions are reached, the game is over anyway. This is to prevent playing times that are too long in order not to delay the tournament.
To decide which player can start the game, both players simultaneously play a ball lengthways to the opposite board and back again. The player whose ball comes to a stop closest to the barrier of the kick-off point has the choice.
often a common collective term for cover and three-volume (see also: series game ).
BED
B ester E inzel d urchschnitt s. Single Average (ED). The BED results from the points achieved, divided by the required recordings. Is shown separately in tournaments, in some tournaments the players receive an extra bonus.
Difficult game, where the billiard is divided into 6 or 9 rectangular fields by fine chalk lines. In each field, the restriction applies analogously to the corner swab (*) for the free game (*). Depending on the discipline, only one or two pile-ups (*) are allowed within a field. (English: Balkline)
Carrot
A ball figure with an increased degree of difficulty left on purpose for the opponent. This tactical defense is often viewed as bad style.
Contraeffet
A spin opposite to the direction of travel (*)
D.
Different designs of diamonds
Design
The chosen solution that should lead to the collision (*).
Diamonds
Markings in the wooden boards of the billiards. They divide the long bands into 8 and the short ones into 4 equal sections.
Diamond system
A game system in which the players choose a design (*) from a combination of experience and numerical calculation with the help of the diamonds (*).
A type of game in which only collisions (*) are recognized in which ball I (*) had at least three boarder touches before reaching ball III (*).
Triathlon
Competition discipline consisting of 1 × free game, cadre and binding
Game of thirds
Tactical game management that consciously focuses on the rooms at the head of the pool.
Pressure surge
Also called Amorti. Special type of impact in which Ball I (*) is hit in the middle and Ball II (*) is almost completely hit. In this way, the pressure and any spin (*) can be intensively transferred to Ball II (*) and still Ball I (*) can be held still.
average
Number of collisions (*) per recording (*). 400 collisions divided by 15 shots result in e.g. B. an average of 26.66. A distinction is also made between the individual average (* ED) and the overall or general average (* GD).
Puncture
Unlawful execution of a stroke in which Ball I (*) and Ball II (*) touch each other while Ball I (*) is still being guided by the cue (*).
Marked fields in the corners of the billiards (triangle) in which the same restrictions apply in the free game (*) as in the cadre game (*). Only one carom (*) may be carried out within the corner swab. During the second collision (*) Ball II (*) and / or Ball III (*) must leave the corner swab.
Additional movements of the ball I (*) (turns; often against the running direction!), Which are achieved by decentralized hitting the ball. This can be used to deliberately change the band reduction (*).
A type of game in which pile-ups (*) are only subject to the corner swab restriction (*). (English: Straight Rail, Carom Billiards or Straight Billiards)
Pentathlon
Competitive discipline, mostly consisting of free game, cadre 47/2, cadre 71/2, cover and three-volume
Fox
or "pig" (French raccore or vol ; English scratch (pool) or fluke (snooker)) refers to a ball / push that is not intentionally or accidentally hit, but which still reaches the desired target (collision or sinking in pool / snooker ) leads.
G
GD
Overall or general average (points (*) / recordings (*); the higher the better), based on the entire tournament (or, in the case of team games, the entire season).
GUV
G ewonnen- U nentschieden- V erloren; Points 2-1-0 are awarded in this order
Position shock, usually pulling (*) or backward (*), in which Ball II is brought over one or more boards. After successful execution, the balls should be in a good position (*).
HS
H ighest s erie. Number of crashes (ball contacts) within a recording (*). (See also extended HS )
M annschafts d urchschnitt. Is evaluated in team tournaments, the points earned are divided by the recordings.
MP
M atch P oints. Points of the team encounter win 2, draw 1 and defeat 0 points.
MGD
M annschaft G eneral D urchschnitt. All play the same type of game (e.g. three cushion). All the points scored in the season are shared by the recordings.
N
Trailer
A type of thrust in which Ball I (*) is guided through a spin (*) (hit high) after the collision (*) with Ball II (*) in the played running direction (trailing) to Ball III (*).
Follow-up
Last recording (*) of a game in order to establish record consistency. The player who did not start takes the post-kick.
P
Whip blow
Special form of the return or follow-up (*) that belongs to the art push program.
Penalty
Also called a shootout . If a tournament is played in the knockout round with a kick -off and both players are tied, the decision to win the game is decided by penalties. For this purpose, the board decision first determines who can start. Each player starts with the starting ball and plays a shot. The player with the highest HS wins the match.
Piqué
Special form of head butt (*), where Ball I (*) first runs forwards and then backwards.
Piston
also ferrule ; Top of the cue top. It is designed to hold the bitter orange (*) / leather.
Leather piece at the tip of the cue, which prevents the cue from slipping off the ball and also enables the spin or massé in the first place. It was invented around 1800 by François Mingaud during his imprisonment in the Bastille .
PP
P artie P oints. Example: 6 players per team (6 games), i.e. 12 points from the team encounter. So per game 2 points if you win, 1 if you draw and 0 if you lose.
Press
Contact position of Ball I (*) with Ball II (*) and / or Ball III (*), or with one of the boards.
In the past, maximum series that were achieved within a game that lasted several sets were added together (prolonged). Was z. For example, if a game was played over three sets, and a player played 5 in the first set in the last take , finished the 2nd set with 15 points in one take and started in the third set with 4 points, then he had a prolonged HS reached out of 24. Something similar was no exception in the free game . The record at a World Cup has been held by the Dutchman Henk Scholte since 1965 with 2500 points. Nowadays, extended HS are no longer counted.
R.
Returns
Often a holer (*), but mostly over a greater distance and often without further adjustment (*).
S.
beak
The part of the cue from the leading hand to the tip.
Series game
Often used collective term for free game and cadre (see also: gang game )
Close the ball along the dashed lines in the cadre game (*). Ball II (*) and a Ball III (*) are in different fields, so that many points (*) can be achieved; similar to the American series (*).
SV
Set ratio (difference between won and lost sets e.g. at world championships or three-cushion world cup )
T
tempo
Methodically achieved running speed of the balls (*) for safe adjustment (*)
Timeout or time-out
In the collision area, this term has erroneously spread for the rush hour extension (2 or 3 times possible), although it actually means the time-out , i.e. a break. Even the UMB uses “time-out” in its regulations. It is not known whether the UMB triggered this misuse of the term or if it was done by the players.
cloth
Upholstery for billiard tables, usually made of high-quality worsted yarn
or extension / overtime is the extension of the peak time limit. If a shot clock is used, usually from the Bundesliga upwards, the player has the option, depending on the tournament rules, after the regular peak time has expired (depending on the tournament, between 30 and 50 seconds), this two or three times by the same length extend. Although incorrectly used, it is often referred to as timeout . However, this describes stopping the time limit.
Opening bands
A type of thrust in which a gang is played first.
VGD
V erhältnismäßiger G eneral d urchschnitt. Different disciplines that are played within a tournament and have different levels of difficulty receive a different multiplier, whereby the free game (*) as the simplest type of game receives the multiplier "1" and three cushion (*) as the most difficult discipline receives the multiplier "40". Then all products are added up and this sum divided by the number of shots.
Swing forward
Push technique to estimate the correct speed (*) and the exact point of impact. The movement only takes place in the elbow. The shoulder and wrist remain stiff, which increases accuracy. If the shoulder and wrist are moved with them, the shock is easy to tear and the ball takes a wrong trajectory. This applies to all billiard disciplines.
