Listerella paradoxa

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Listerella paradoxa
Systematics
without rank: Amoebozoa
without rank: Myxogastria
Order : Liceida
Family : Listerelliidae
Genre : Listerella
Type : Listerella paradoxa
Scientific name of the  family
Listerelliidae
E. Jahn
Scientific name of the  genus
Listerella
E. Jahn
Scientific name of the  species
Listerella paradoxa
E. Jahn

Listerella paradoxa is a slime mold from the Myxogastria group and the only representative of its genus and of the Listerelliidae family. The species has so far been found almost only on lichens of the genus Cladonia , mostly in temperate zones, especially in Europe.

features

The sporangia, which are only 0.1 to 0.3 millimeters in size, are barely visible to the naked eye, black-brown dots, the dehiscence lines are a little lighter and can be seen clearly. They are sessile, more or less hemispherical and flattened at the base. The single-layer peridium , which tears into four to six lobes at the time of spore ripening, is purple-brown and only has dark calcified nodules in the area around the dehiscence lines.

A scalp is only weakly developed and consists of pale purple-brown, slender, meandering threads that have grown together on the peridia. At low magnification, the 1 to 1.5 micrometer-thick threads appear like strings of pearls; at high magnification, calyx or pear-shaped links can be seen from the middle of the thread, the thickenings of which are somewhat darker at the rounded end, but the stems are colorless. The structure only develops gradually near the approach. The thread here is either initially twice as thick as the normal dark colored ones, then constrictions appear on it, which divide it into light stalks and knots, gradually become narrower and take on the shape of a calyx. Alternatively, the thread is lighter in color from the start and the knots quickly develop from collar-like constrictions.

The spores are black-brown as a spore mass, brownish-yellow in transmitted light . They are thin-walled on one side, fuzzy, finely prickly and have a diameter of 7–8 micrometers.

distribution

Listerella paradoxa is found exclusively on the thalli of Cladonia species ( reindeer lichen Cladonia rangiferina , Cladonia impexa , Cladonia arbuscula , Cladonia gracilis , Cladonia tenuis ) in temperate zones, especially in Europe (Germany, Sweden, Denmark, Great Britain), but also occasionally e.g. B. found in Russia and Canada. A collection from California is considered unsafe.

Systematics and research history

Species and genus were first described in 1906 by Eduard Adolf Wilhelm Jahn on the basis of a find from Geesthacht , their exact taxonomic position was unclear from the start and is still considered uncertain today. Because of the threads in the Capillitium, Jahn already saw them as a family of their own. In the first half of the 20th century, however, was common in the Dianemaceae out later due to their relationship with the Liceaceae often asked about these.

proof

Footnotes directly behind a statement cover the individual statement, footnotes directly behind a punctuation mark the entire preceding sentence. Footnotes after a space refer to the entire preceding paragraph.

  1. ↑ a b c Thomas H. Macbride, GW Martin: The Myxomycetes; a descriptive list of the known species with special reference to those occurring in North America , p. 248, New York, 1934
  2. ↑ a b c Hans Schinz: Myxogasteres (Myxomycetes, Mycetozoa) In: Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogam-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz , Vol. 1 ( Die Pilze Deutschlands, Oesterreichs ud Switzerland with consideration of the other countries of Europe ), Part 10, pp. 408-410, 1920
  3. ↑ a b B. Ing: Notes on Myxomycetes II. In: Transactions of the British Mycological Society 50 (4), p. 559, 1967
  4. ↑ botanischestaatssammlung.de: The Myxomycetes Collections at the Botanische Staatssammlung München , accessed on August 8, 2010
  5. ↑ botanischestaatssammlung.de: The Myxomycetes Collections at the Botanische Staatssammlung München , accessed on August 8, 2010
  6. ^ A b Donald T. Kowalski: Observations on the Dianemaceae In: Mycologia, Vol. 59: 6, pp. 1075-1084, 1967
  7. ↑ Michael J. Dykstra, Harold W. Keller: Mycetozoa In: John J. Lee, GF Leedale, P. Bradbury (Eds.): An Illustrated Guide to the Protozoa . tape 2 . Allen, Lawrence 2000, ISBN 1-891276-23-9 , pp. 962 .