Lithium cyanide
| Crystal structure | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| General | |||||||||||||||||||
| Surname | Lithium cyanide | ||||||||||||||||||
| Ratio formula | LiCN | ||||||||||||||||||
| Brief description |
colorless solid |
||||||||||||||||||
| External identifiers / databases | |||||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| properties | |||||||||||||||||||
| Molar mass | 32.96 g mol −1 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Physical state |
firmly |
||||||||||||||||||
| safety instructions | |||||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . | |||||||||||||||||||
Lithium cyanide is an inorganic chemical compound of lithium from the group of cyanides .
Extraction and presentation
Anhydrous lithium cyanide can hardly be obtained in pure form from lithium and hydrogen cyanide . Dissolution in tetrahydrofuran and reprecipitation gives an almost colorless tetrahydrofuran solvate from which the solvent can be easily removed. Most advantageously, the salt is obtained without using anhydrous hydrocyanic acid by reacting lithium with silver cyanide in tetrahydrofuran in the presence of naphthalene .
properties
Lithium cyanide is a colorless solid. It reacts with halides to form cyanides.
Lithium cyanide has an orthorhombic crystal structure with the space group Pnma (space group no. 62) (cell size: a = 3.73; b = 6.52; c = 8.73 Å).
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c K. Rossmanith: New ways for the production of pure lithium cyanide and lithium cyanogenate. In: Monthly books for chemistry and related parts of other sciences. 96, 1965, p. 1690, doi : 10.1007 / BF01185887 .
- ↑ a b Data sheet Lithium cyanide, technical, ≥96% from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on November 5, 2019 ( PDF ).
- ↑ Shinya Harusawa, Ryuji Yoneda et al. a .: Non-aqueous cyanation of halides using lithium cyanide. In: Tetrahedron Letters. 28, 1987, p. 4189, doi : 10.1016 / S0040-4039 (00) 95575-8 .
- ↑ JA Lely, JM Bijvoet: The crystal structure of lithium cyanide. In: Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas. 61, 1942, p. 244, doi : 10.1002 / recl.19420610402 .