Lola Iturbe

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Lola Iturbe

Lola (Dolores) Iturbe Arizcuren (born August 1, 1902 in Barcelona , † January 5, 1990 in Gijón ) was a Spanish author, feminist , anarchist and syndicalist .

Life

Iturbe's mother was a single parent. Due to the difficult economic situation of the family, Lola Iturbe started working as a housekeeper at the age of nine. From the age of fourteen she worked as a tailor. At that time she joined the textile union of the Confederación Nacional del Trabajo (CNT). Her mother ran a pension. Here she met the libertarian activists Ángel Pestaña , Teresa Claramunt , Federico Urales and Teresa Mañé Miravet . She got involved with imprisoned anarchists and union activists.

From 1922 until the end of his life, the anarchist and syndicalist Juan Manuel Molina was her partner. In 1926 both went into exile in France and later in Belgium in order to evade the repression from the military dictatorship of Miguel Primo de Riveras . After the Second Spanish Republic was proclaimed in 1931 , they returned to Spain. Iturbe was an active member of the CNT and the Federación Anarquista Ibérica (FAI) at that time . Under the pseudonym Kyralina she wrote regularly for the newspaper of the FAI Tierra y Libertad , especially about the living conditions of women. So published Tierra y Libertad z. B. in May 1933 an interview with seven anarchists who had been imprisoned after a strike.

When the military rose against the republic on July 17, 1936, Lola Iturbe took part in the revolution that broke out in Barcelona. She was the author of the first leaflet published by the CNT after the crackdown in Barcelona. In the following time she was involved in the Casal de la Dona Treballadora (House of the Worker), where free training courses for women were offered. In the first phase of the Spanish Civil War she worked for the newspapers Solidaridad Obrera (CNT), Tierra y Libertad and Mujeres Libres , for which she wrote front reports and was responsible for editorial work. After the May events of 1937, she worked in the legal office of the CNT, where she campaigned for the release of imprisoned members of the CNT and the Partido Obrero de Unificación Marxista (POUM) from Stalinist custody. In 1938 she accompanied Emma Goldmann on her trip through Spain.

After the defeat in the civil war, Iturbe went into exile in France and settled in Toulouse , where she worked again as a seamstress. During the Second World War she was active in the Resistance . After the end of Franquism , she lived again in Barcelona with her partner from 1979. Lola Iturbe died in 1990 at the age of 88.

Publications

  • Mujeres heroicas (1937)
  • Nuestras luchadoras (1937)
  • La mujer en la lucha social y en la Guerra Civil de España (1974), most recently Tierra de Fuego - La Malatesta 2012, ISBN 9788493830632 .

literature

  • Miguel Ìñiguez: Esbozo de una Enciclopedia histórica del anarquismo español . FAL, Madrid 2001, p. 310. ISBN 84-86864-45-3 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Eulália Vega: Prólogo. In: La mujer en la lucha social y en la Guerra Civil de España , Madrid 2012, pp. 5–16.