Teresa Mañé Miravet

Teresa Mañé Miravet (born November 29, 1865 in Cubelles , Catalonia , † February 5, 1939 in Perpignan ) was a Spanish educator, publisher, author and anarchist . She was the mother of Federica Montseny , Spain's first female minister.

Teresa Mañé Miravet

Life

Mañé grew up in a well-off family in Catalonia. She completed a teacher training course.

At a young age she was associated with the Centro Democrático Federalista (Democratic Federal Center), with whose support she built a secular school in Vilanova i la Geltrú in 1887 . Later she founded another school in Reus . She was a member of the Confederación de Maestros Laicos de Cataluña (Confederation of Laic Teachers of Catalonia). Mañé represented a similar educational concept as Francisco Ferrer Guardia with the Escuela Moderna .

Teresa Mañé wrote under the pseudonym "Soledad Gustavo" for the newspaper El Vendaval , which represented republican-federalist positions. She also worked for the anarchist newspaper El Productor , through which she met her future husband, Juan Montseny , who wrote under the pseudonym Federico Urales . Here she also made the acquaintance of other important authors of Spanish anarchism such as Anselmo Lorenzo , Fernando Tarrida del Mármol and Teresa Claramunt .

After a bomb attack on the Corpus Christi procession in Barcelona on June 7, 1896, which caused a wave of repression against the anarchist movement, Juan Montseny and Teresa Mañé had to leave the country. They initially lived in London , where Mañé worked as an embroiderer, but secretly returned to Spain in 1898, where they settled in Madrid . Here they founded the magazine La Revista Blanca , in which the philosophical, artistic and social facets of Spanish anarchism and its environment were expressed. The magazine first appeared between 1898 and 1905.

In 1905 she gave birth to their daughter Federica Montseny. In 1912 Mañé left Madrid with her family and moved to Sardañola del Vallés near Barcelona.

Between 1923 and 1936, Juan Montseny and Teresa Mañé published La Revista Blanca again . Numerous prominent authors of the anarchist movement wrote for the newspaper, including Federica Montseny, Diego Abad de Santillán and the libertarian historian Max Nettlau , who was friends with Mañé.

La Revista Blanca primarily represented a “pure”, individualistic and philosophical interpretation of anarchism, based on the rural commune in its understanding of the revolution. She often took a critical position vis-à-vis the libertarian trade union federation Confederación Nacional del Trabajo (CNT) and was close to the positions of the anarchist federation Federación Anarquista Ibérica (FAI).

In early 1939, after the anarchist movement was defeated in the Spanish Civil War , Teresa Mañé fled to France. She died shortly afterwards at the age of 73 in Perpignan.

literature

• Walther L. Bernecker : 'Pure' or 'Syndicalist' anarchism? On the tension between libertarian organizations in Spain . In: Wolfgang Braunschädel (Hrsg.): Archive of resistance and work . No. 8, Verlag Germinal, Bochum 1987. ISSN  0177-9400 and ISBN 3-88663-408-6 .
• Lola Iturbe : La mujer en la lucha social y en la Guerra Civil de España (1974), most recently Tierra de Fuego - La Malatesta 2012, pp. 59–64, ISBN 9788493830632 .