Louis Joseph de Vichery

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General Louis Joseph Baron de Vichery 1817

Louis Joseph Baron de Vichery (born September 23, 1767 in Frévent , Pas-de-Calais department , † February 22, 1831 in Paris ) was a Napoleonic general de division and commander of the Legion of Honor .

biography

Coat of arms of the Barone de Vichery

Louis Joseph Vichery, who came from a middle-class family, enlisted in the French royal army in 1781. During the Brabant Revolution from 1790 he participated as a non-commissioned officer in the uprising in the Austrian Netherlands against the Habsburgs. When this failed he went back to France and joined the National Guard in Paris the following year. Its rise began with the French Revolution . In 1793/94 he was aide-de-camp , and in 1797 he was lieutenant colonel and adjutant general to Général Leone Baptiste Dumonceau in the Batavian army .

In 1805 Vichery took part as chief of staff of the 3rd Division of the II Army Corps ( Marmont ) led by Dumonceau in the campaign of the Grande Armée against Austria. In the course of the campaign, the division was assigned to Marshal Mortier's newly formed VIII Army Corps . In the 1806 campaign, this corps was deployed against Prussian bases in northern Germany (e.g. Hameln ) and German states that, like Kurhessen , did not want to join the Rhine Confederation . At the end of 1806 Vichery returned to the Netherlands and joined the new Dutch army. In the spring of 1807 Vichery became adjutant to the Dutch king Louis Bonaparte and major general. From the end of 1807 he was then used in Spain.

With the abdication of Louis and the incorporation of Holland into the Empire, Vichery was taken over as brigadier general in the French army and, on June 27, 1811, knight of the Legion of Honor . On May 30, 1813 he became an officer of the Legion of Honor and General de division and commander of the 50 e division d 'infantry (50th infantry division) with a total of 8,690 soldiers, including 239 officers. With her he then went to Germany, where he was involved in the capture of the city of Hamburg by Maréchal Louis-Nicolas Davoût . His division was one of the three infantry divisions with which Davout defended Hamburg against the Allied Northern Army. In a battle near Wandsbek forced Russian Cossacks led by Georg Heinrich von Löwenstern to retreat to Rahlstedt . It was not until almost two months after Napoleon's (first) abdication that Davoût surrendered what was then the northernmost city of France to the Allies on May 29, 1814 and went back to France with his soldier.

Northern pillar of the Triumphal Arch, Paris; Vichery: 2nd column, 1st position

On June 16, 1815, Vichery led the 13 e division d 'infantry (13th infantry division) of Général Étienne-Maurice Gérard's IV Corps in the battle of Ligny , in which the Napoleonic troops were to win their last victory. King Louis XVIII had appointed the officer commander of the Legion of Honor on September 28, 1814 and finally awarded him the title of baron in 1817 .

The general, who is entered in the second column of the north pillar on the Arc de Triomphe in Paris , died of a stroke at the age of 63 and was buried in the Montmartre cemetery.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Georges Six: Les généraux de la Révolution et de l'Empire: Étude , Verlag Bernard Giovanangeli, 2002, ( ISBN 2-909034-29-1 ), p. 76
  2. ↑ TW Moody, RW McDowell and CJ Woods (eds.): The Writings of Theobald Wolfe Tone 1763-98 , Volume 3, Verlag Bioddles Ltd., King's Lynn, Norfolk 2007, p. 184
  3. ^ Tulard: Dictionnaire Napoléon , Volume IZ, p. 936
  4. ^ Hulot: Le Maréchal Davout , p. 190
  5. ^ Digby Smith: The Greenhill Napoleonic Wars Data Book , p. 535
  6. ↑ TW Moody, RW McDowell and CJ Woods (eds.): The Writings of Theobald Wolfe Tone 1763-98 , Volume 3, Verlag Bioddles ltd, King's Lynn, Norfolk 2007, p. 184
  7. ^ Cimetière de Montmartre, 12th division, 1ère ligne, avenue du Tunnel

literature

  • Frédéric Hulot: Le Maréchal Davout , Pygmalion Publishing House, 2003, ISBN 2-85704-792-4
  • Digby Smith: The Greenhill Napoleonic Wars Data Book: Actions and Losses in Personnel, Colors, Standards and Artillery 1792-1815 , Greenhill Books, 1998, ISBN 1-85367-276-9
  • Jean Tulard (ed.): Dictionnaire Napoléon, Volume IZ , Verlag Fayard, 1999, ISBN 2-213-60485-1
personal data
SURNAME Vichery, Louis Joseph de
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Vichery, Louis Joseph Baron de (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French officer
DATE OF BIRTH September 23, 1767
PLACE OF BIRTH Frévent , Pas-de-Calais department
DATE OF DEATH February 22, 1831
Place of death Paris