Luís Carlos Prestes

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Luís Carlos Prestes (1936)
Luís Carlos Prestes (1959)

Luiz Carlos Prestes (born January 3, 1898 in Porto Alegre , Rio Grande do Sul ; † March 7, 1990 in Rio de Janeiro , Brazil ) was leader of the 1920s tenente rebellion and general secretary of the Communist Party of Brazil (PCB).

Life

Prestes was a graduate of the Academia Militar das Agulhas Negras military academy in Resende , which he left in 1919 as a lieutenant. Known as the "Knight of Hope", he, now a captain, led the Coluna Prestes with 1,500 men against the oligarchs who dominated the old Brazilian republic. 750 died of cholera.

In 1928 he stayed in Bolivia, studied Marxism and got in touch with the Argentine communists Rodolfo Ghioldi and Abraham Guralski from the Comintern . In 1931, after a short stopover in Brazil, he traveled to Moscow.

In 1934 he and Olga Benario , whom he had met in Moscow, were sent back to Brazil by order of the Comintern to prepare a revolution there. In Rio de Janeiro they met Elise and Arthur Ewert , as well as seven other revolutionaries sent from the Soviet Union.

The coup of November 27, 1935 against the dictatorial regime under President Getúlio Vargas failed. Benario and Prestes go into hiding and a wave of persecution against the left began. Elza Fernandes (1915-1936), the wife of the General Secretary of the Communist Party of Brazil, Antonio Maciel Bonfim , was suspected of being the traitor because she was arrested and released several times and then always someone arrested. The communists, including Prestes, decided to get rid of the “traitor” and murdered her through strangulation. Most recently, Prestes and Olga Benario were arrested; Benario delivered to Germany. She gave birth to his child Anita Leocádia Prestes in Berlin in 1936.

In 1945, Jorge Amado wrote a pamphlet on Prestes' liberation, which was widely circulated and led to his pardon in the same year. From 1943 to 1980 he was President of the Communist Party of Brazil (PCB), from 1946 to 1948 Senator for the Federal District. In 1982 Prestes resigned from the Communist Party and became a member of the Partido Democrático Trabalhista , a social democratic party. From 1951 Prestes lived with Maria, later Maria Prestes. Maria already had two sons, Pedro and Paulo. The marriage with Prestes has 7 more children: João, Rosa, Ermelinda, Luiz Carlos, Zoia, Mariana and Yuri. Prestes and Maria lived together for 40 years, until the death of Luiz Carlos Prestes.

Fonts

Correspondence
  • Olga Benario, Luiz Carlos Prestes: The Indomitable. Correspondence from prison and concentration camp . Edited by Robert Cohen . Wallstein, Göttingen 2013, ISBN 978-3-8353-1327-9 .

literature

Literary representations
  • Jorge Amado : The Knight of Hope. The life of Luis Carlos Prestes . Volk und Welt publishing house, Berlin 1959.
  • Robert Cohen : Exile of Naughty Women. Novel. Rotbuch, Berlin 2009. 3rd edition 2013.

Web links

Commons : Luís Carlos Prestes  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ According to Anita Prestes, her father wrote his first name "Luiz" throughout his life; see. Anita Prestes: Luiz Carlos Prestes. To Communista Brasileiro . São Paulo: Boitempo Editorial 2015, here p. 15, note 1.
  2. ↑ Robert Cohen: The Indomitable. About Olga Benario and Luiz Carlos Prestes . In: Junge Welt, September 14, 2013, No. 217, weekend supplement p. 6. Accessed on September 18, 2013.
personal data
SURNAME Prestes, Luís Carlos
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Prestes, Luíz Carlos
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Brazilian officer, rebel leader and Secretary General of the Communist Party of Brazil
DATE OF BIRTH January 3, 1898
PLACE OF BIRTH Porto Alegre
DATE OF DEATH March 7, 1990
Place of death Rio de Janeiro