Partido Comunista do Brasil
| Partido Comunista do Brasil | |
|---|---|
|
|
| Party leader | José Renato Rabelo |
| founding | February 18, 1962 |
| Headquarters | São Paulo |
| Alignment | communism |
| Colours) | Red Yellow |
| Parliament seats |
and all mandates of the 2014 general election and 2016 local election and before the October 2018 election: Governors (2014): 1/27 Senators (2017): 1/81 Federal MPs (2014): 12/513 State MPs (2014): 25/1024 City prefects (2016): 80/5568 City Councilors (2016): 998/56810 |
| Number of members | 416,174 (April 2020) |
| International connections | International meeting of communist and workers' parties |
| Website | www.pcdob.org |
The Partido Comunista do Brasil ( PCdoB , also PC do B , German Communist Party of Brazil ) is a communist party in Brazil .
history
Origins
Both the Partido Comunista do Brasil (PC do B) and the Partido Comunista Brasileiro (PCB) both rightly claim to be the oldest communist party in Brazil. For both parties, the story from the founding in 1922 to the split in 1961/1962 can be viewed as a single story. The Partido Comunista Revolucionário (PCR) as well as Trotskyist , Maoist and other left-wing parties and organizations in Brazil can also trace their stories back to March 25, 1922 with justification.
On that day, the men's hairdresser Abílio de Nequete , the journalist Astrojildo Pereira , the accountant Cristiano Cordeiro , the electrician Hermogênio da Silva Fernandes , the printer João da Costa Pimenta , the tailor Joaquim Barbosa , the shoemaker José Elias da Silva , the broom maker Luís Peres and the tailor Manuel Cendón, representing another 73 communists in the states of Rio de Janeiro , São Paulo , Pernambuco , Rio Grande do Sul and Minas Gerais, joined the Partido Comunista do Brasil (PCB) in Niterói , RJ , and made the party like it did Law prescribes officially on April 4, 1922, by notification in the Diário Oficial da União . However, the party name appeared in the official federal newspaper as Partido Comunista - Seção Brasileira da Internacional Comunista (PC-SBIC) . The party's doctrine, as the statutes show, is Marxism-Leninism , and the party's goal is democratic socialism.
In June 1922 the party was banned by the federal government under President Epitácio Pessoa and was not legalized again until 1926 under the presidency of Washington Luís . In January 1927, Azevedo Lima became the first communist member of the Congress to be elected. But in August 1927 the party was banned again. She continued to work underground and gained further supporters, especially in trade union circles and between the soldiers and non-commissioned officers of the army.
Second split and rapprochement
The consequences of the XX. Party congresses of the CPSU led to internal party discussions which irrevocably shook the unity of the party, so that between 1961 and 1962 there was a split. It was decided that the PCdoB should keep the party name but change the abbreviation, while the Partido Comunista Brasileiro should change the name but keep the abbreviation PCB . The main reasons for the split were the mutual criticism between the legalistic course advocated by Luís Carlos Prestes , which was oriented towards the Soviet Union , and João Amazonas de Souza Pedroso's support for the Chinese side in the polemic about the general line between the CPSU and the Maoist Communist Party of China .
After World War II , the PCB was legal. But the party was banned as early as 1947, so that many members ran on lists of other parties. As a result of the coup d'état of 1964, all other existing parties were dissolved with Institutional Act No. 2 in 1965. The establishment of political parties was legal again from 1979, but the ban on communist parties lasted until the end of the dictatorship in 1985. However, both the PCdoB and the PCB remained underground during these 21 years.
In the period of 1964-1985 military dictatorship, the PCdoB participated intensively in the resistance and was one of the main victims of state repression, in 1972 the party began in the Araguaia region the guerrilla struggle , which was very successful. In 1973 the Ação Popular , an organization originally oriented towards liberation theology , joined the party. From the mid-1970s, the Maoist line was replaced by a rapprochement with the politics of Albania . When the repression and amnesty subsided in 1979, the still illegal party turned to work in trade unions, social movements and the PMDB .
After legalization in 1985, the party took part in elections at all levels and has since played a leading role in the student umbrella organization UNE. The positive reference to Stalin was abandoned in the mid-1990s, in the process a rapprochement took place with the camp of the former “pro-Soviet” parties, from which they split off in 1962. There has been a solid alliance with the PT since 1989 ; From 2002 the party was represented by Sports Minister Agnelo Queiroz in the government of President Lula , which, due to the neoliberal government policy, led to an increasing number of withdrawals and increasing criticism from within the party.
The party publishes the monthly newspaper A Classe Operária and the theory magazine Revista Princípios and operates the Internet portal Vermelho , which is updated daily . The youth organization União da Juventude Socialista (UJS) is close to the party.
Election results
Results of the election of the Brazilian Chamber of Deputies :
| year | % | Mandates |
|---|---|---|
| 1986 | 0.6 | 3 |
| 1990 | 0.9 | 5 |
| 1994 | 1.2 | 10 |
| 1998 | 1.3 | 7th |
| 2002 | 2.2 | 12 |
| 2006 | 2.1 | 13 |
| 2010 | 2.8 | 15th |
| 2014 | 1.97 | 10 |
| 2018 | 1.4 | 9 |
Membership development
| year | number |
|---|---|
| 2016, April | 389,407 |
| 2017, April | 393.486 |
| 2018, April | 397.471 |
| 2019, April | 396,958 |
| 2020, April | 396,958 |
Members
Some well-known members are:
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Tribunal Superior Eleitoral : Estatísticas de eleitorado - Filiados. Retrieved May 29, 2020 (Brazilian Portuguese).
- ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from January 7, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
