Elections in Brazil 2018

The 2018 general election in Brazil took place on October 7th and 28th. The approximately 145 million voting Brazilians voted

• the President and the Vice-President
• two thirds of the Federal Senate (54 of 81) with a term of office of eight years
• the entire Chamber of Deputies (513 of 513) with a four-year term for the 56th legislative period from February 1, 2019 to January 31, 2023
• as well as 27 governors and 1024 members of the 27 state parliaments .

2018 is considered to be the super election year for which summer time has been postponed due to the most uniform possible polling station opening times.

Election calendar

In December 2017, the Tribunal Superior Eleitoral ( Supreme Electoral Court ) set the timing:

Election calendar 2018
July 20th to August 5th	Nominations of candidates at the party conventions
15th of August	last date for official registration
August 16 to October 6	Time for election campaigns for the 1st ballot
August 31st to October 4th	Time to use radio and television for election campaigns
17th of September	Deadline for the courts to finally assess the application documents, deadline for registering substitute candidates
October 7th	1st ballot
October 8-27	Time for election campaigns for the second ballot for runoff elections
October 12-26	Time to use radio and television for election campaigns
28th of October	2nd ballot

Presidential election

→ Main article : Presidential election in Brazil 2018

Brazil has a presidential system of government . Therefore, the presidential election is the most important election to be held in Brazil in 2018. The president is elected for four years. Whoever receives the absolute majority of the valid votes is elected.

Incumbent Michel Temer took over the business of government as Vice President on May 12, 2016 for the period of the maximum six-month suspension of the then President Dilma Rousseff . After the Senate finally voted for the impeachment of Rousseff, Temer was installed as President of Brazil on August 31, 2016 and formed the liberal-conservative government of Temer . At the end of 2016, however, the judiciary banned Temer from running again because he had violated electoral laws.

The new President's term of office begins on January 1, 2019.

Presidential candidates

The candidates nominated by their parties and their registration submitted to the Supreme Electoral Court:

#		Presidential candidate		Vice presidential candidate		Party electoral coalition	Previous political positions
	12		Ciro Gomes (PDT)		Kátia Abreu (PDT)	"Brasil Soberano" PDT , AVANTE (until 2017 Partido Trabalhista do Brasil , PT do B)	Gomes : Federal Member of Parliament for Ceará 2007–2011; Minister for National Integration 2003-2006; Minister of Finance 1994–1995; Governor of Ceará 1991–1994; Prefect of Fortaleza 1989–1990; Member of the state parliament in Ceará 1983–1989; Presidential candidate in 1998 and 2002 .
	13		Fernando Haddad (PT)		Manuela d'Ávila (PCdoB)	"O Brasil Feliz de Novo" PT , PROS , PCO , PCdoB	Haddad : Minister of Education 2005–2012; 2013–2017 city prefect of São Paulo d'Ávila : 2005–2006 city council president of Porto Alegre; 2007–2015 Federal MP for Rio Grande do Sul; since 2015 national parliamentarian in Rio Grande do Sul
	15th		Henrique Meirelles (MDB)		Germano Rigotto (MDB)	"Essa é a solução" MDB , PHS	Meirelles : Minister of Economic Affairs 2016–2018; President of the Central Bank of Brazil 2003–2011.
	16		Vera Lúcia Salgado (PSTU)		Hertz Dias (PSTU)	Partido Socialista dos Trabalhadores Unificado (PSTU)
	17th		Jair Bolsonaro (PSL)		Antônio Hamilton Mourão (PRTB)	"Brasil acima de Tudo, Deus acima de Todos" PSL , PRTB	Bolsonaro : Federal MP for Rio de Janeiro since 1991.
	18th		Marina Silva (SPEECH)		Eduardo Jorge (PV)	“Unidos para transformar o Brasil” SPEECH , PV	Silva : spokeswoman for REDE since 2013; Senator for Acre 1995-2011; Environment Minister 2003-2008; State MP in Acre 1991–1995; City Councilor in Rio Branco 1989–1991; Presidential candidate 2010 and 2014 .
	19th		Álvaro Dias (PODEMOS)		Paulo Rabello de Castro (PSC)	“Mudança de Verdade” PODEMOS , PSC , PTC , PRP	Dias : Senator for Paraná 1983–1987 and since 1999; Governor of Paraná 1987–1991; Federal Member of Parliament for Paraná 1975–1983; State representative in Paraná 1971–1975.
	27		José Maria Eymael (DC)		Helvio Costa (DC)	Democracia Cristã (DC)	Eymael : President of DC since 1997; Federal Member of Parliament for São Paulo 1986–1995; Presidential candidate 1998 , 2006 , 2010 and 2014 ; Candidate for City Prefect (Mayor) of São Paulo 2012.
	30th		João Amoêdo (NOVO)		Christian Lohbauer (NOVO)	Partido Novo (NOVO)	Amoêdo : President of the NOVO 2011-2017.
	45		Geraldo Alckmin (PSDB)		Ana Amélia Lemos (PP)	"Para Unir o Brasil" PSDB , DEM , PP , PR , PRB , SD , PTB , PSD , PPS	Alckmin : Governor of São Paulo 2011–2018 and 2001–2006; President of the PSDB since 2017; State Secretary for Development in the State of São Paulo 2009–2010; Vice Governor of São Paulo 1995–2001; Federal Member of Parliament for São Paulo 1987–1994; Member of the State Parliament in São Paulo 1983–1987; City Prefect (Mayor) of Pindamonhangaba 1977–1982; City Councilor of Pindamonhangaba 1973–1977; 2006 presidential candidate .
	50		Guilherme Boulos (PSOL)		Sônia Guajajara (PSOL)	"Vamos Sem Medo de Mudar o Brasil" PSOL , PCB	Boulos : USP professor , political and social activist, MTST coordinator , author.
	51		Cabo Daciolo (PATRI)		Suelene Balduino Nascimento (PATRI)	Patriota (PATRI)	Daciolo : Federal MP for Rio de Janeiro since 2015.
	54		João Vicente Goulart (PPL)		Léo Alves (PPL)	Partido Pátria Livre (PPL)	Goulart : Member of the State in Rio Grande do Sul 1982–1986.

Survey

First round of presidential elections

The graph represents the mean values ​​of polls on the voting intentions of Brazilians in the 2018 presidential election. Each line represents a political party (see legend at the top). Parties are shown instead of candidates because some parties changed their candidates. Candidates who are not eligible for election, such as Lula da Silva (see the chapter on judicial power struggle in advance), are not shown in the graphic.

The graph represents the mean values ​​of polls on the voting intentions of Brazilians in the 2018 presidential election. Each line represents a political party (see legend at the top). Parties are shown instead of candidates because some parties changed their candidates. Candidates who are not eligible for election, such as Lula da Silva (see the chapter on judicial power struggle in advance), are not shown in the graphic.

Judicial power struggle in advance

According to all polls, the most promising candidate for the presidential election, former President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva , was convicted of corruption in the second instance on January 25, 2018 and was therefore not allowed to run. Ironically, one of the reasons for this was that he was not allowed to compete due to the so-called Clean West Act ( Ficha Limpa ) he passed himself in 2010 . This law prohibits the candidacy of politicians who have been convicted in the second instance. Da Silva is currently in prison in Curitiba . A legal battle over his release made international headlines during the Brazilian election campaign. The judges' power struggle had a decisive impact on Brazil's political future.

Role of the media

The number of political advertisements on TV is regulated in detail by law in elections in Brazil and depends on past election successes. For the 2018 presidential election, this results in the following maximum permitted weekly TV spots: Alckmin (80), the as yet unknown candidate of the PT (27), Bolsonaro (3).

The duration of TV advertising is regulated in a similar way. It will be broadcast from August 31 to October 4 in advertising blocks of 12 minutes and 30 seconds each. The biggest changes in opinion polls in previous Brazilian presidential elections only occurred after political advertising began on TV. It was and is therefore important which candidate is allocated how much of the advertising time broadcast free of charge by public broadcasters.

According to the Brazilian opinion research institute IBOPE , around a third of Brazilian voters say that their voting decision is based mainly on information from TV or the Internet.

Results

See: 2018 presidential election in Brazil # 2018 presidential election results

National Congress election

Election of the Senate

54 of 81 senators representing their home states are elected. Each state and federal district appoints three senators for an eight-year term, double that of a normal legislature.

357 candidates have registered for the 54 senatorial posts to be elected, including Dilma Rousseff for Minas Gerais .

Election of the Chamber of Deputies

513 federal MPs are elected to represent their home states. The number per state varies depending on the population.

Gubernatorial elections

The 2018 gubernatorial elections in Brazil took place on Sunday, October 7, 2018, at the same time as the presidential and state and national parliamentary elections. The 27 governors and their lieutenants from the Brazilian states and the federal district were elected .

A total of 199 candidates applied for the post of governor, who were registered in the respective regional electoral court, the Tribunal Regional Eleitoral .

Election results

Country	elected	Political party	annotation	Candidates (according to the names of the candidates on the ballot papers )
acre	Gladson Cameli	-	-	Coronel Ulysses (PSL) David Hall (Avante) Gladson Cameli (PP) Janaína Furtado (speech) Marcus Alexandre (PT)
Alagoas	-	-	-	Basile Christopoulos (PSOL) Fernando Collor (PTC) Josan Leite (PSL) Melquezedeque Farias (PCO) Renan Filho (MDB)
Amapá	-	-	-	Capi (PSB) Cirilo Fernandes (PSL) Davi Alcolumbre (DEM) Gianfranco Gusmão (PSTU) Waldez Góes (PDT)
Amazon	Wilson Lima	-	-	Amazonino Mendes (PDT) Berg da UGT (PSOL) David Almeida (PSB) Lúcia Antony (PCdoB) Omar Aziz (PSD) Sidney Cabral (PSTU) Wilson Lima (PSC)
Bahia	-	-	-	Célia Sacramento (Speech) João Henrique (PRTB) João Santana (MDB) José Ronaldo (DEM) Marcos Mendes (PSOL) Orlando Andrade (PCO) Rui Costa (PT)
Ceará	-	-	-	Aílton Lopes (PSOL) Camilo Santana (PT) Francisco Gonzaga (PSTU) General Theophilo (PSDB) Hélio Góis (PSL) Mikaelton Carantino (PCO)
Federal District	-	-	-	Alberto Fraga (DEM) Alexandre Guerra (Novo) Eliana Pedrosa (Pros) Fátima Sousa (PSOL) General Paulo Chagas (PRP) Guillen (PSTU) Ibaneis Rocha (MDB) Miragaya (PT) Renan Rosa (PCO) Rodrigo Rollemberg (PSB) Rogério Rosso (PSD)
Espírito Santo	-	-	-	André Moreira (PSOL) Jackeline (PT) Mannato (PSL) Aridelmo Teixeira (PTB) Renato Casagrande (PSB) Rose de Freitas (Pode)
Goiás	-	-	-	Alda Lucia (PCO) Daniel (MDB) Kátia Maria (PT) Marcelo Lira (PCB) Ronaldo Caiado (DEM) Weslei Garcia (PSOL) Zé Eliton (PSDB)
Maranhão	-	-	-	Flávio Dino (PCdoB) Maura Jorge (PSL) Odívio Neto (PSOL) Ramon Zapata (PSTU) Roberto Rocha (PSDB) Roseana Sarney (MDB)
Mato Grosso	-	-	-	Arthur Nogueira (speech) Mauro Mendes (DEM) Moisés Franz (PSOL) Pedro Taques (PSDB) Wellington Fagundes (PR)
Mato Grosso do Sul	-	-	-	Humberto Amaducci (PT) João Alfredo (PSOL) Juiz Odilon (PDT) Junior Mochi (MDB) Marcelo Bluma (PV) Reinaldo Azambuja (PSDB)
Minas Gerais	-	-	-	Alexandre Flach Domingues (PCO) Antonio Anastasia (PSDB) Claudiney Dulim (Avante) Dirlene Marques (PSOL) Fernando Pimentel (PT) João Batista Mares Guia (speech) Jordano Metalúrgico (PSTU) Romeu Zema (Novo)
Paraná	-	-	-	Cida Borghetti (Progressista) Doutor Rosinha (PT) Geonísio Marinho (PRTB) João Arruda (MDB) Jorge Bernardi (speech) Ogier Buchi (PSL) Priscila Ebara (PCO) Professor Ivan Bernardo (PSTU) Professor Piva (PSOL) Ratinho Junior (PSD )
Paraíba	-	-	-	João Azevêdo (PSB) José Maranhão (MDB) Lucélio Cartaxo (PV) Rama Dantas (PSTU) Tárcio Teixeira (PSOL)
Pará	-	-	-	Cléber Rabelo (PSTU) Fernando Carneiro (PSOL) Helder Barbalho (MDB) Paulo Rocha (PT) Márcio Miranda (DEM)
Pernambuco	-	-	-	Ana Patrícia Alves (PCO) Armando Monteiro (PTB) Dani Portela (PSOL) Julio Lossio (speech) Maurício Rands (PROS) Paulo Câmara (PSB) Simone Fontana (PSTU)
Piauí	-	-	-	Dr. Pessoa (Solidariedade) Elmano Férrer (Podemos) Fábio Sérvio (PSL) Luciane Santos (PSTU) Luciano Nunes (PSDB) Maria de Lourdes (PCO) Professora Sueli (PSOL) Romualdo Seno (DC) Valter Alencar (PSC) Wellington Dias (PT)
Rio de Janeiro	Wilson Witzel	-	-	André Monteiro (PRTB) Anthony Garotinho (PRP) Dayse Oliveira (PSTU) Eduardo Paes (DEM) Indio da Costa (PSD) Luiz Eugênio (PCO) Marcelo Trindade (Novo) Márcia Tiburi (PT) Pedro Fernandes (PDT) Romário (Podemos) Tarcísio Motta (PSOL) Wilson Witzel (PSC)
Rio Grande do Norte	-	-	-	Brenno Queiroga (Solidariedade) Carlos Eduardo (PDT) Dário Barbosa (PSTU) Fátima Bezerra (PT) Freitas Júnior (Speech) Heró Bezerra (PRTB) Professor Carlos Alberto (PSOL) Robinson Faria (PSD)
Rio Grande do Sul	-	-	-	Eduardo Leite (PSDB) Jairo Jorge (PDT) José Ivo Sartori (MDB) Julio Flores (PSTU) Mateus Bandeira (Novo) Miguel Rossetto (PT) Paulo Medeiros (PCO) Roberto Robaina (PSOL)
Rondônia	-	-	-	Acir Gurgacz (PDT) Valclei Queiroz (PMB) Coronel Charlon (PRTB) Coronel Marcos Rocha (PSL) Expedito Júnior (PSDB) Maurão de Carvalho (MDB) Pedro Nazareno (PSTU) Pimenta de Rondônia (PSOL) Vinícius Miguel (Speech)
Roraima	-	-	-	Anchieta (PSDB) Antônio Denarium (PSL) Fábio Almeida (PSOL) Suely Campos (PP) Telmário Mota (PTB)
São Paulo	-	-	-	Edson Dorta (PCO) João Doria (PSDB) Luiz Marinho (PT) Major Costa e Silva (DC) Marcelo Candido (PDT) Marcio França (PSB) Paulo Skaf (MDB) Prof. Claudio Fernando (PMN) Professora Lisete (PSOL) Rodrigo Tavares (PRTB) Rogério Checker (Novo) Toninho Ferreira (PSTU)
Santa Catarina	-	-	-	Ângelo Castro (PCO) Comandante Moisés (PSL) Décio Lima (PT) Gelson Merisio (PSD) Ingrid Assis (PSTU) Jessé Pereira (Patriota) Leonel Camasão (PSOL) Mauro Mariani (MDB) Rogério Portanova (speech)
Sergipe	-	-	-	Belivaldo Chagas (PSD) Dr. Emerson (speech) Eduardo Amorim (PSDB) Gilvani Santos (PSTU) João Tarantella (PSL) Márcio Souza (PSOL) Mendonça Prado (DEM) Milton Andrade (PMN) Valadares Filho (PSB)
Tocantins	-	-	-	Bernadete Aparecida (PSOL) Carlos Amastha (PSB) César Simoni (PSL) Marlon Reis (speech) Mauro Carlesse (PHS)

Parliamentary elections

The 1024 members of the 27 parliaments ( Portuguese: Assembleias Legislativas ) are elected.

Web links

• Which way is Brazil going? In: Deutsche Welle
• Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung , international office in Brazil: Super election year 2018 in Brazil 2018 ( kas.de )

Individual evidence

1. ↑ cf. Article 77 of the 1988 Constitution .
2. ↑ Super election year 2018 in Brazil kas.de. Retrieved July 31, 2018
3. ↑ Guilherme Mazui, Roniara Castilhos: Temer reduced duração do horário de verão e muda início para novembro. In: G1. December 15, 2017. Retrieved August 27, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
4. ↑ Renan Ramalho: TSE aprova calendário eleitoral de 2018; normas sobre voto impresso e 'fake news' ficam para março. In: G1. December 18, 2017. Retrieved August 27, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
5. ↑ Confira as principais datas do calendário eleitoral das Eleições Gerais de 2018. In: Tribunal Superior Eleitoral. December 18, 2017. Retrieved August 27, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
6. ↑ André Shalders: Eleições 2018 confira as principais datas as corrida eleitoral deste ano. In: Metro Jornal. August 4, 2018. Retrieved August 27, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
7. ↑ Temer é ficha-suja e fica inelegível por 8 anos, diz promotora eleitoral g1.globo.com. Retrieved July 9, 2018 (Portuguese)
8. ↑ Article 82 of the Constitution.
9. ↑ Ciro Gomes terá senadora Kátia Abreu como vice. In: O Globo. August 5, 2018. Retrieved August 19, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
10. ↑ Em diretrizes, Ciro propõe BNDES ativo, volta da TJLP e IDH de Portugal . In: ISTOÉ Independente . 2018 ( com.br ).
11. ^ PT confirma Lula candidato; em mensagem, ex-presidente diz que 'querem fazer eleição de cartas marcadas'. In: G1 . Retrieved August 19, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
12. ↑ Pros oficializa aliança com PT e apoio à candidatura de Lula a presidente. In: G1. Retrieved August 19, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
13. ↑ PCO declara apoio à candidatura de Lula na disputa pela Presidência da República. In: G1. Retrieved August 19, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
14. ↑ Ricardo Della Coletta Marreiro, Flávia Afonso Benites: Haddad, vice e plano B de Lula, ganha reforço de Manuela D'Ávila no último minuto. In: EL PAÍS. August 6, 2018. Retrieved August 19, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
15. ↑ Speech confirma candidatura de Marina Silva à Presidência da República. In: G1. Retrieved August 19, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
16. ↑ Álvaro Dias quer disputa Presidência da República em 2018. In: Brasil 247. December 24, 2015, accessed on August 19, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
17. ^ Podemos confirma Alvaro Dias para disputa da Presidência. In: G1. Retrieved August 19, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
18. ↑ Partido Novo anuncia João Amoêdo como pré-candidato a presidente em 2018. In: G1. November 18, 2017. Retrieved August 19, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
19. ↑ Gustavo Maia, Luciana Amaral: Alckmin pede registro de candidatura e declara R $ 1.3 milhão em bens ao TSE. In: UOL. August 8, 2018. Retrieved August 19, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
20. ↑ Aliados defendem nome de Alckmin para a disputa presidencial . In: R7.com . 2017 ( r7.com ).
21. ^ Oficial: Guilherme Boulos e Sônia Guajajara são os candidatos do PSOL à Presidência. (No longer available online.) In: PSOL 50th PSOL Nacional, June 21, 2018, archived from the original on October 13, 2018 ; Retrieved August 19, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
22. ↑ Todos querem o Planalto. In: UOL. March 11, 2018. Retrieved August 19, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
23. ^ Judge orders Lula da Silva's release on faz.net July 8, 2018.
24. ^ The detention of ex-President Lula da Silva divides the judiciary in Brazil heise.de. Retrieved July 9, 2018.
25. ↑ Power struggle of several judges - Brazil's ex-President Lula remains in custody spiegel.de. 9 July 2018.
26. ^ High suspense in Brazil's general election. The Economist Newspaper Limited (article) / Ipespe, Folha de São Paolo, Facebook (data), August 11, 2018, accessed on August 13, 2018 . 
27. ↑ Political parties and campaign coalitions. Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung, 2018, accessed on August 16, 2018 .  The electoral campaign in Brazil is detailed in the section on campaign coalitions.
28. ↑ O peso da TV nas campanhas de Bolsonaro, Alckmin e do PT folha.com.br. Retrieved August 15, 2018 (Portuguese).
29. ↑ Candidates for Senator 2018 , website eleições2018.com. Retrieved September 13, 2018.
30. ↑ Eleições 2018: lista dos candidatos a governador em cada estado. In: G1. August 7, 2018. Retrieved August 26, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
31. ↑ Candidatos ao governo do Acre nas eleições de 2018: veja quem são. In: G1. August 1, 2018, accessed August 26, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
32. ↑ Candidatos ao governo do Alagoas nas eleições de 2018: veja quem são. In: G1. August 5, 2018. Retrieved August 26, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
33. ↑ Candidatos ao governo do Amapá nas eleições de 2018: veja quem são. In: G1. August 3, 2018. Retrieved August 26, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
34. ↑ Candidatos ao governo do Amazonas nas eleições de 2018: veja quem são. In: G1. July 28, 2018. Retrieved August 26, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
35. ^ Candidatos a Governador na Bahia. In: Gazeta do Povo . Retrieved August 26, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
36. ↑ Candidatos ao governo do Ceará nas eleições de 2018: veja quem são. In: G1. August 1, 2018, accessed August 26, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
37. ↑ Conheça todos os candidatos ao governo do Espírito Santo. In: R7. August 21, 2018. Retrieved August 26, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese).