Amapá

This article covers the state. For the city see Amapá (city) .

Amapá
Symbols
flag coat of arms
Basic data
Country	Brazil
Capital	Macapá
surface	142,470.8 km²
Residents	845,731 (estimate as of July 1, 2019)
density	5.9 inhabitants per km²
ISO 3166-2	BR-AP
politics
governor	Waldez Góes
Political party	PDT
economy
GDP	15,480  million  R $ 19,405  R $ per capita (2017)
Oiapoque, border town to French Guiana

Coordinates: 1 ° 23 ′  N , 51 ° 55 ′  W

Amapá , officially in Portuguese Estado do Amapá , is a federal state in northern Brazil with the capital Macapá . The population was estimated on July 1, 2019 at 845,731 inhabitants in an area of ​​142,470.8 km ² .

geography

Amapá is located on the northern Atlantic coast and borders France ( French Guiana ) and Suriname to the north, and the Brazilian state of Pará to the west and south .

The equator runs just five kilometers south of the capital Macapá . The place is marked by a stone.

The far north is covered by the 619,000 hectare Parque Nacional Cabo Orange , which extends to the border with French Guiana and has been a nature reserve since 1980.

The Atlantic coast is characterized by mangrove vegetation, the rest of the state by tropical rainforest .

Hydrography

Cachoeira do Desespero waterfall , Rio Jari .

Around 39% of the state is in the area of ​​influence of the Amazon basin . The Amapá hydrographic network is made up of rivers that play a major economic role in the region, from fishing to waterway transport. Most of the rivers in Amapá flow into the Amazon or directly into the Atlantic. The main rivers are:

• Rio Amapá Grande
• Rio Amapari
• Rio Amazon
• Rio Apurema
• Rio Araguari
• Rio Caciporé
• Rio Calçoene
• Rio Flexal
• Rio Gurijuba
• Rio Jari
• Rio Matapi
• Rio Maracá
• Rio Maracapi
• Rio Mutuacá
• Rio Oiapoque
• Rio Pedreira
• Rio Tartarugal Grande
• Rio Tartarugalzinho
• Rio Vila Nova
• Rio Tajauí
• Rio Mutum
• Rio Laranjeira
• Rio Cunani

history

The border between Brazil and French Guiana was controversial until an arbitration award in 1900. In 1943 Amapá was declared a federal territory. On October 5, 1988, it became a federal state with the entry into force of the new Brazilian constitution.

politics

Waldez Góes of the Partido Democrático Trabalhista (PDT) has been the governor since January 1, 2015 , who replaced the predecessor Camilo Capiberibe of the Partido Socialista Brasileira (PSB). In the 2018 gubernatorial elections in Brazil , he was re-elected with 52.35% of the valid votes.

See also : List of Governors of Amapá

The legislature rests with the Legislative Assembly of Amapá, made up of 24 elected MPs.

Bigger cities

See also : List of municipalities in Amapá

The largest of the 16 cities of Amapás, municípios with a population of 20,000 or more, are as of 2010 and estimates from 2019:

• Macapá - 398,204 ( 2019 estimate: 503,327 )
• Santana with Porto de Santana - 101,262 ( estimated 2019: 121,364 )
• Laranjal do Jari - 39,942 ( 2019 estimate: 50,410 )
• Oiapoque - 20,509 ( estimated 2019: 27,270 )

Population development

year	Residents	city	country
1991	289.397	234.131	55.266
2000	477.032	424,683	52,349
2010	669.526	601.036	68,490
2019	845.731	?	?

Source: IBGE (2011)

Ethnic composition

Ethnic groups according to the statistical classification of the IBGE (status 2000 with 477,032 inhabitants, status 2010 with 669,526 inhabitants):

group	Share 2000	Share 2010	annotation
Brancos	126,850	▲ 159.161	Whites, descendants of Europeans
Pardos	313,519	▲ 439,762	Mixed races, mulattos , mestizos
Pretus	25,543	▲ 56,205	black
Amarelos	796	▲ 7,050	Asians
Indigenous people	4,972	▲ 7,344	indigenous population
without specification	5,354	3

Source: SIDRA

economy

Amapá's economy is based, among other things, on crab fishing (camarão-rosa) on the coast and manganese mining in the interior.

Monte Dourado is home to the remnants of the 14,000 square kilometer Jari project , the unsuccessful attempt in the 1980s by the American billionaire Daniel K. Ludwig to replace the natural forest on the Rio Jari with fast-growing eucalyptus plantations for pulp production .

archeology

Archaeologists have discovered and researched a stone complex in a remote area of ​​the state near Calçoene , which is compared to the English Stonehenge . The Parque Arqueológico do Solstício complex consists of 127 stone stelae that are up to 3 meters high. The granite steles are placed in such a way that they fix astronomical cardinal points ; Thanks to this construction, for example, the solstices could be determined exactly, which is important for the definition of the harvest cycles. The age of the facility is not yet clear; Ceramic shards found on site, however, are dated to an age of 2000 years.

literature

• Antonio Sérgio Monteiro Filocreão (Ed.): Amapá 2000–2013 . Editora Fundação Perseu Abramo, São Paulo 2015, ISBN 978-85-7643-232-6 (Brazilian Portuguese, org.br [PDF]).

See also

• Diocese of Macapá

Web links

Commons : Amapá  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Portal: Governo do Amapá , government website (Brazilian Portuguese)
• Legislative Assembly website , Assembleia Legislativa do Estado do Amapá (Brazilian Portuguese)
• Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE): Amapá - Panorama (Brazilian Portuguese, updated statistics)
• Atlas do desenvolvimento humano no Brasil - Amapá (Brazilian Portuguese, demographic information, as of 2010)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Contas Regionais 2017: apenas Rio de Janeiro, Sergipe e Paraíba tiveram queda de volume no PIB. In: gov.br. agenciadenoticias.ibge.gov.br, accessed April 23, 2020 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
2. ↑ Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE): Amapa - panorama . Retrieved September 1, 2019 (Brazilian Portuguese).
3. ↑ Hidrografia. In: Amapá em destaque. Retrieved April 23, 2020 . 
4. ↑ Principais rios do estado do Amapá. In: SuaPesquisa. Retrieved April 23, 2020 . 
5. ^ Atlas do desenvolvimento humano no Brasil - Amapá . Retrieved April 24, 2020 (Brazilian Portuguese).
6. ↑ IBGE : Sistema IBGE de Recuperação Automática - SIDRA: Tabela 2093. Accessed April 24, 2020 (Portuguese, database query, search terms Amapá and Cor ou raça). 
7. ↑ José Augusto Drummond, Mariângela de Araújo Pereira: O Amapá nos tempos do manganês. O estudo sobre o desenvolvimento de um estado amazônico - 1943-2000 . Garamond, Rio de Janeiro 2007, ISBN 978-85-7617-118-8 (Brazilian Portuguese, limited preview in Google Book Search).
8. ↑ Calçoene megalithic observatory - Amazon Stonehenge. In: Wondermondo. Archived from the original on July 17, 2010 ; accessed on July 3, 2014 .