Lulkowo (Łysomice)
Lulkowo ( German Lulkau ) is a village in Gmina Łysomice (Lissomitz) in the powiat Toruński of the Polish Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship .
Geographical location
The village is located in the Kulmerland in the historic West Prussia region , about ten kilometers north of Thorn . The Strugai , a river that seeps into sandy lands a few kilometers further, flows through the local area .
history
The manor district had belonged to the Teutonic Order state since the 13th century . He was last assigned to the Thorn Commandery and is said to have belonged to the Birglau Commandery earlier . On September 14, 1434, the estate received a celebration from the Thorner Komtur Vinzenz Wirsperger; the award was made according to Kulmer law as hereditary, perpetual possession. With a donation from King Kasimir IV. Notarized in 1457, the manor district became a property of the city of Thorn; The place was already listed under the name Lulkau in the confirmation document . According to a note in the Thorner council negotiations of 1414, the name should go back to its owner Heinrich Lulkau . In 1594 there was already a school in Lulkau.
Since the estates of the city of Thorn had joined the Prussian Confederation opposing the Teutonic Order in 1440 , the region came under the voluntarily chosen sovereignty of the Crown of Poland after the Thirteen Years' War in association with the autonomous Prussian Royal Share . With the reunification of Thorn and Danzig with West and East Prussia in 1793, the region became part of the Kingdom of Prussia . Since 1832 the Lulkau estate was leased by the Thorn City Treasury as a hereditary lease; From then until 1865 there were three changes of ownership.
The merchant Heinrich Wilhelm Tietzen, partner in the Wilh. Tietzen et Comp. in Thorn, of the bankrupt estate on 14 December 1832 for 3,200 dollars had bought, was on the Gutsgelände shortly after a beet - sugar factory building. In 1842 the estate was sold to the doctor Gustav Ferdinand Weinschenk for 66,000 thalers and in 1857 to Max Weinschenk for 77,000 thalers. On October 26, 1891, the estate was bought by the royal settlement commission and then parceled out.
With the exception of the French period , during which the district area of the Duchy of Warsaw had been assigned, the Erbpachtgut belonged Lulkau to 1919 for county Thorn in marienwerder the Prussian province of West Prussia . After the end of the First World War , due to the provisions of the Versailles Treaty , the region had to be ceded to Poland in January 1920 for the purpose of establishing the Polish Corridor , without a referendum, and became part of the Pomeranian Voivodeship . In 1934, the Polish state government unilaterally terminated the minority protection treaty concluded in Versailles on June 28, 1919 between the Allied and Associated Main Powers and Poland . After the invasion of Poland in 1939, the district of Thorn came to the Reich territory in breach of international law and was now assigned to the occupation administrative district of Bromberg in the Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia .
Towards the end of the Second World War , the district was occupied by the Red Army in January 1945 and membership of Poland was revived. In the period that followed, the remaining ethnically German villagers were largely evicted by the local Polish administrative authorities .
Population development
| year | Residents | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1773 | 103 | |
| 1818 | 101 | in twelve residential buildings |
| 1831 | 111 | in thirteen households (fireplaces) |
| 1864 | 213 | 50 Evangelicals and 163 Catholics, in fourteen residential buildings |
Trivia
A pair of white storks nested on the barn roof of the estate in the 19th century .
literature
- Karl Gotthelf Prätorius and Emil Wernicke: Topographical-historical-statistical description of the city of Thorn and its area, regarding past and present. Volume 1, Lohde, Thorn 1832, pp. 274-275.
- Hans Maercker: History of the rural villages and the three smaller towns of the Thorn district in its earlier expansion before the branch of the Briesen i district. J. 1888 . Danzig 1899–1900, pp. 371–274 (restricted preview).
Web links
- Ostichau district (Rolf Jehke, 2005).
Footnotes
- ↑ Georg Maximilian Franz von Steinmann: The district of Thorn - statistical description. Lambeck, Thorn 1866, p. 30, point 7 .
- ↑ a b c d Karl Gotthelf Prätorius : Topographical-historical-statistical description of the city of Thorn and its area, regarding past and present. Volume 1, Lohde, Thorn 1832, pp. 274-275, no.33.
- ↑ a b c d e Hans Maercker: History of the rural villages and the three smaller towns of the Thorn district in its earlier expansion before the branch of the Briesen i district. J. 1888 . Danzig 1899–1900, pp. 371–374 (restricted preview).
- ^ Max Toeppen : Historisch-Comparative Geographie von Preussen. Perthes, Gotha 1858, p. 301 .
- ↑ Jakob Heinrich Zernecke : Thornische Chronica in which the history of this city from 1221 to 1726 was compiled from reinforced scribes and credible documents . 2nd edition, Berlin 1727, pp. 67-69, especially p. 68 .
- ↑ Georg Maximilian Franz von Steinmann: The district of Thorn - statistical description. Lambeck, Thorn 1866, p. 71 .
- ^ Official Journal of the Royal Prussian Government in Bromberg , No. 47 of November 18, 1836, p. 764.
- ^ Official Journal of the Government of Danzig , No. 48 of November 30, 1836, p. 363 .
- ↑ Alexander August Mützell and Leopold Krug: New topographical-statistical-geographical dictionary of the Prussian state . Volume 3, Halle 1822, p. 149, item 3666.
- ^ FDF rump and HF rump: Complete dictionary of the Prussian state . Volume 2: J to R , Hayn, Berlin 1820, p. 211 .
- ^ E. Jacobson: Topographical-statistical manual for the administrative district Marienwerder , Danzig 1868, pp. 210–211, no. 139 .
- ↑ Preußische Provinzial-Blätter , Volume 20, Königsberg 1838, pp. 281–281.
- ↑ Frankfurter Ober-Postamts-Zeitung , No. 216 from Tuesday, August 7, 1838, p. 3, left column .
Coordinates: 53 ° 5 ' N , 18 ° 35' E