Munich Magistrate
The Munich Magistrate was responsible for before 1810 and from 1818 to 1919 city council of Munich .
Development of the city administration from 1818
The Munich city administration was formed from two chambers. The first chamber, the magistrate , consisted of the two mayors , at least one of whom should be legally qualified, and the magistrates. The first mayor acted as head of the city. The second chamber consisted of the college of municipal representatives who were directly elected by the citizens entitled to vote. These two chambers were combined to form the Munich City Council in 1919 .
history
In 1286, councils of the city of Munich were named for the first time ( consules civitatis Monacensis ). From around 1300 the Munich city council was divided into an internal and an external council . The Munich patrician families played an essential role both in the Inner Council and in the Outer Council . The Gmain (community) of citizens had little influence. The conflict between the citizens of the city on the one hand and parts of the patricians and the sovereign on the other was first carried out in the Impler uprising in 1385 and then in the uprising of the Munich guilds until 1403. It ended with the victory of the Wittelsbach dukes Ernst and Wilhelm, who lived in Munich .
In 1447 the Munich magistrate issued a beer purity law .
In the centuries that followed, the city's councilors lost much of their importance, since in 1503, after the end of the War of the Bavarian Succession, Munich had become the sole residence of the Bavarian dukes and later the electors . The influence of the sovereigns grew. This can be seen, among other things, in the fact that in 1672 the elector first awarded a hereditary patriciate diploma. Admission to the Inner Council was therefore a matter for the sovereign and not for the city.
A justification from the magistrate dated July 28, 1790 and the attacks contained therein on the "failed government policy of the sovereign" led to the removal of the city council. Elector Karl Theodor had the entire “Inner” and “Outer Council” brought before an “electoral special commission” and interrogated individually. He transferred the business of the city temporarily to an "electoral city administration commission". In 1791, Karl Theodor reorganized the centuries-old "Council election regulations". A committee of 36 “committees” elected by the guilds was to elect the “Outer Council” and together with it the “Inner Council” annually from scratch as representatives of the entire municipality.
In 1810 this magistrate constitution was repealed. From 1810 to 1818 there was a municipal council modeled on the French Republic. After the decree on the constitution and administration of the municipalities in the Kingdom of Baiern was passed in 1818 , two mayors, at least one of whom should be a legally qualified mayor, were appointed head of the Munich magistrate, with the first mayor serving as head of the city. The first incumbent was Franz Paul von Mittermayr .
In 1845 the Munich magistrate decided to keep the Munich city chronicle . The meetings of the Munich magistrate have been public since 1848.
Wilhelm Ritter von Borscht , First Mayor of Munich from 1893, has held the title of Lord Mayor since 1907 . Also in 1907, the Munich magistrate received the musical public library as a gift.
The law on municipal self-government of May 22, 1919 repealed the previous two-chamber system of magistrate and council of municipal representatives and replaced it with a unicameral system (council constitution).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Municipal code of April 29, 1869, Art. 71 in the Google book search
- ↑ a b c Emma Mages: Community constitution (19th / 20th century) , published on May 11, 2006; in: Historisches Lexikon Bayerns ( Online ), accessed on October 2, 2016.
- ^ Helmuth Stahleder : "Münchner Patrizier", published on February 14, 2013; in: " Historisches Lexikon Bayerns " ( Online ), accessed on October 1, 2016.
- ↑ Münchner Stadtchronik , accessed on October 2, 2016