Measuring standard
Publicly accessible etalons of various lengths on the outer wall of the Royal Greenwich Observatory
Measuring standards or etalon ( French étalon , sampling ') are teachings , measuring devices or elements thereof, fixed values or a sequence of fixed values of a measured variable representing. They are used
- to define the unit of a physical quantity as a prototype or,
- than normal for calibrating or oaks of measuring means or as a tool for measuring .
In the second function, the material measures are calibrated or calibrated with an indication of an uncertainty.
The basic DIN 1319 measurement technology defines measuring standards ( English material measure , French mesure matérialisée ): "Device that represents or delivers one or more fixed values of a quantity."
Typical quantities for which measuring standards are used are: mass , spatial dimension , length , angle , surface dimension and the electrical quantities voltage and resistance .
Examples of physical measures
Six measures of measure from the mens ponderia in Pompeii , a municipal facility used to control measures and weights (AD 79)
- Original kilogram , with which the measure for the mass was defined until May 2019
- Weights
- the original meter in Paris, with which the measure of length was defined until 1960
- Gauge blocks
- Fabry-Pérot interferometer with fixed mirror spacing
- Vernier structures
- Kepler boiler (measuring device)
- Target wheels