Malate dehydrogenase
_4MDH.png)
The malate dehydrogenase (MDH) is the enzyme that the chemical reaction of L - malate to oxaloacetate catalyzed . It is therefore indispensable in several parts of the metabolism of all aerobic organisms , especially in the citric acid cycle , in the aspartate cycle , and in the transport of energy through the malate-aspartate shuttle . While prokaryotes have a single form of the enzyme, all eukaryotes have two isozymes located in the mitochondria and cytoplasm ( MDHM and MDHC ). Fungi and plants also have a form in the glyoxisomes that is involved in the glyoxylate cycle . Finally, in their chloroplasts , plants still have a form of the enzyme that takes on essential tasks in the Calvin cycle and the more specialized C 4 cycle or Crassulacean acid metabolism . In contrast, the MDH of archaea is closely related to lactate dehydrogenase .
Catalyzed reaction
-
+ NAD + + NADH / H + 
Examples
| Name / abbr. | Localization | Parent taxon | ENZYM entry | UniProt entry | Length (amino acids) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MDH / MDHC | cytoplasm | Creature | 1.1.1.37 | P40925 (human) | 333 |
| MDHM | Mitochondria | Eukaryotes | 1.1.1.37 | P40926 (human) | 338 |
| MDHG | Glyoxysomes | plants | 1.1.1.37 | Q9ZP05 (Arabidopsis) | 354 |
| MDHP | Chloroplasts | plants | 1.1.1.82 | Q9SN86 (Arabidopsis) | 403 |
| MDH | cytoplasm | Archaea | 1.1.1.37 | Q9V0D5 (Pyrococcus) | 362 |
Individual evidence
- ↑ European Institute of Bioinformatics (EBI): InterPro IPR001557 L-lactate / malate dehydrogenase. Retrieved August 15, 2011 .
