Mammillaria grahamii
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Mammillaria grahamii |
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| Engelm. |
Mammillaria grahamii is a species of plant in the genus Mammillaria in the cactus family(Cactaceae). The specific epithet honors the American topographer and Colonel James Duncan Graham (1799–1865), who commanded the scientific corps to survey the border between the United States and Mexico.
description
Mammillaria grahamii grows singly or branching from the base with thickened roots. The spherical to short cylindrical light green shoots are 7 to 20 centimeters high and also higher and reach a diameter of 7.5 to 11 centimeters. The cylindrical to egg-shaped, often square warts are without milky sap . The axillae are bare. The 1 to 4 central spines are yellowish brown to dark brown. They are 1.2 to 2.5 inches long, with the longest usually hooked. The 20 to 35 radial spines are straight, needle-like, white to light brown or even reddish in color. They are 0.6 to 1.2 inches long.
The flowers are lavender-pink to reddish purple, sometimes white. They are 2 to 4.5 inches in diameter. The almost spherical, red fruits are 1.2 to 2.5 centimeters long. They contain black seeds .
Distribution, systematics and endangerment
Mammillaria grahamii is distributed in the US states of California , Arizona , New Mexico and Texas as well as in the Mexican states of Sonora , Sinaloa and Chihuahua .
The first description was in 1856 by George Engelmann .
Synonyms are the following described species and varieties:
Cactus grahamii (Engelm.) Kuntze (1891), Coryphantha grahamii (Engelm.) Rydberg (1917), Chilita grahamii (Engelm.) Orcutt (1926), Mammillaria microcarpa var. Grahamii (Engelm.) Backeb. (1966, nom. Inval. ICBN -Article 33.3), Mammillaria milleri var. Grahamii (Engelm.) Neutel. (1986, incorrect name ICBN -Article 57.1), Mammillaria microcarpa subsp. grahamii (Engelm.) Mottram (1991), Cochemiea grahamii (Engelm.) Doweld (2000), Mammillaria microcarpa Engelm. (1848, nom. Inval. ICBN -Article 34.1b), Neomammillaria microcarpa (Engelm.) Britton & Rose (1923, nom. Inval. ICBN -Article 34.1b), Chilita microcarpa (Engelm.) Orcutt (1926, nom. Inval . ICBN -Article 34.1b), Ebner Ella microcarpa (Engelm.) Buxb. (1951, nom. Inval. ICBN -Article 34.1b), Mammillaria oliviae Orcutt (1902), Neomammillaria oliviae (Orcutt) Britton & Rose (1923), Chilita oliviae (Orcutt) Orcutt (1926), Ebnerella oliviae (Orcutt) Buxb. (1951), Mammillaria grahamii var. Oliviae (Orcutt) LDBenson (1969), Mammillaria milleri f. oliviae (Orcutt) Neutel. (1986) Mammillaria microcarpa cv. Oliviae (Orcutt) Mottram (1991, nom. Inval. ICBN -Article 43.1), Neomammillaria milleri Britton & Rose (1923), Chilita milleri (Britton & Rose) Orcutt (1926), Mammillaria milleri (Britton & Rose) Boed. (1933), Mammillaria microcarpa var. Milleri (Britton & Rose) WTMarshall (1950, nom. Inval. ICBN -Article 43.1), Mammillaria microcarpa var. Auricarpa W.T. Marshall (1950, nom. Inval. ICBN -Article 43.1) and Mammillaria milleri f. auricarpa (WTMarshall) Neutel. (1986).
In the Red List of Threatened Species of the IUCN , the species is listed as " Least Concern (LC) ". H. listed as not endangered.
proof
literature
- Edward F. Anderson : The Great Cactus Lexicon . 2nd Edition. Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart 2011, ISBN 978-3-8001-5964-2 , pp. 383 .
- Brian Loflin & Shirley Loflin: Texas Cacti . Texas A&M University Press, Texas 2009, ISBN 978-1-60344-108-7 , pp. 243 .
- Ulises Guzmán, Salvador Arias, Patricia Dávila: Catálogo de cactáceas mexicanas . Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 2003, ISBN 970-9000-20-9 , pp. 127 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Urs Eggli, Leonard E. Newton: Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names . Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg 2010, ISBN 978-3-642-05597-3 , p. 97.
- ^ Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences . Volume 3, 1856, p. 262. (online) .
- ↑ Mammillaria grahamii in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013.2. Posted by: Heil, K., Terry, M. & Corral-Díaz, R., 2009. Retrieved December 23, 2013.
