Cacteae

Cacteae
Echinocactus polycephalus
Systematics
Eudicotyledons Nuclear eudicotyledons Order : Clove-like (Caryophyllales) Family : Cactus family (Cactaceae) Subfamily : Cactoideae Tribe : Cacteae
Scientific name
Cacteae
Rchb.

The Cacteae are a monophyletic tribe in the subfamily Cactoideae from the cactus family .

description

The spherical to short columnar plants grow individually or in cushions. Their size varies from dwarf ( Turbinicarpus ) to huge ( Ferocactus ). Their non- segmented stem axis is ribbed ( Echinocactus ), war-bearing ( Coryphantha ) or ribbed-war-bearing. The size and shape of the warts range from long and leaf-like ( Leuchtenbergia principis ) to wide with flat axillae ( Turbinicarpus ). The areoles are usually oval, ribbon-like, grooved, or dimorphic. The small to medium-sized, regular to rarely bilateral symmetrical flowers appear below the apex and open during the day. The fruits are fleshy to juicy berry-like, with a scaly to bald pericarp . They are bursting to not bursting or simply disintegrating. The small to large seeds are variable both in the shape and the surface structure of the seed coat.

Systematics and distribution

The tribe Cacteae is common in the United States , Mexico , Canada ( Escobaria vivipara ), Caribbean ( Mammillaria colombiana ), Venezuela, and Colombia . The main distribution area is Mexico.

According to Urs Eggli (2005), the following genres belong to the tribe:

• Acharagma ( NPTaylor ) Glass
• Ariocarpus Scheidw.
• Astrophytum Lem.
• Aztec Boed.
• Coryphantha ( Engelm. ) Lem.
• Echinocactus Link & Otto
• Echinomastus Britt. & Rose
• Epithelantha F.AC Weber ex Britton & Rose
• Escobaria Britton & Rose
• Ferocactus Britton & Rose
• Geohintonia Glass & Fitz Maurice
  • Geohintonia mexicana
• Leuchtenbergia Hooker
  • Leuchtenbergia principis
• Lophophora J.M. Coulter
• Mammillaria Haw.
• Mammilloydia Buxb.
  • Mammilloydia candida
• Neolloydia Britton & Rose
• Obregonia Frič
  • Obregonia denegrii
• Ortegocactus Alexander
  • Ortegocactus macdougallii
• Pediocactus Britton & Rose
• Pelecyphora C. Ehrenb
• Sclerocactus Britton & Rose
• Stenocactus ( K.Schum. ) A.Berger
• Strombocactus Britton & Rose
  • Strombocactus disciformis
• Thelocactus (K.Schum.) Britton & Rose
• Turbinicarpus (Backeb.) Buxb. & Backeb.

Botanical history

The term was first used by Augustin-Pyrame de Candolle in 1828 and seven years later by John Lindley . Joseph zu Salm-Reifferscheidt-Dyck used the name in his work Cacteae in Horto Dyckensi Cultae as a generic term for the twenty cactus genera described therein, which he classified in the three main groups Cacteae Rotatae , Rhipsalideae and Cacteae Tubulosae . Franz Buxbaum recognized a phylogenetic unit for the first time in the tribe, which he called Echinocacteae .

literature

• Edward F. Anderson : The Great Cactus Lexicon . Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-8001-4573-1 , p. 59 .
• Charles A. Butterworth, J. Hugo Cota-Sanchez, Robert S. Wallace: Molecular Systematics of Tribe Cacteae (Cactaceae: Cactoideae): A Phylogeny Based on rpl16 Intron Sequence Variation . In: Systematic Botany . Volume 27, No. 2, 2002, pp. 257-270. on-line

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Augustin-Pyrame de Candolle: Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis . Paris 1828, p. 527 online
2. ^ John Lindley: An Introduction to Botany . 1835, p. 509 online
3. ^ Franz Buxbaum: The phylogenetic division of the subfamily Ceroideae, Cactaceae . In: Madroño . Volume 14, pp. 177-216

Web links

Commons : Cacteae  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Entry in Indices Nominum SupAGENericorum Plantarum Vascularium