Echinomastus
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Echinomastus is a genus of plants fromthe cactus family (Cactaceae). The botanical name of the genus is derived from the Greek words "έχίνος" (echinos) for hedgehog and "μαοτός" (mastos) for "breast". He refers to the thorny warts of the plant body.
description
The species of the genus Echinomastus grow with spherical to short cylindrical shoots , which are often completely covered by the thorns . The low ribs are usually spiral shaped and clearly structured in humps . The areoles form a furrow along the top of the cusps and often have extra-floral nectaries . The central spines are sometimes absent, the radial spines are usually needle-like and interlocking.
The white to pink or magenta or purple flowers appear from the wart tips in the apex area. They open in the day. Your flower tube is short or absent, the pericarpel is covered with scales. The flowers develop into elongated, scaly fruits that dry up and later tear open with a basal opening or laterally. The black, egg to kidney-shaped seeds are waxed.
Systematics and distribution
The genus Echinomastus is common in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico .
The first description was published in 1922 by Nathaniel Lord Britton and Joseph Nelson Rose . The type species of the genus is Echinocactus erectocentrus .
Some botanists, such as David Richard Hunt in the New Cactus Lexicon from 2006, put the species of the genus completely to Sclerocactus , which is, however, controversial. Molecular genetic studies have shown that Echinomastus is most closely related to the genus Sclerocactus , but that there are morphological and genetic differences.
The genus Echinomastus includes the following species:
- Echinomastus erectocentrus (JMCoult.) Britton & Rose
- Echinomastus gautii (LDBenson) Mosco & Zanov.
- Echinomastus intertextus (Engelm.) Britton & Rose
- Echinomastus johnsonii (Parry ex Engelm.) EMBaxter
- Echinomastus mariposensis Hester
- Echinomastus unguispinus (Engelm.) Britton & Rose
- Echinomastus warnockii (LDBenson) Glass & RAFoster
proof
literature
- Edward F. Anderson : The Great Cactus Lexicon . Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-8001-4573-1 , p. 212-213 .
Individual evidence
- ^ NL Britton , JN Rose : The Cactaceae . Descriptions and Illustrations of Plants of the Cactus Family . tape III . The Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington 1922, p. 147-148 ( online ).
- ^ David Hunt : The New Cactus Lexicon . dh books, Milborne Port 2006, ISBN 0-9538134-4-4 , pp. 344 .
- ^ JM Porter: Sclerocactus and Pediocactus: A Summary of the Molecular Evidence . In: Cactus Consensus Initiatives . No. 7, 1999, pp. 5-6.
- ^ Edward F. Anderson : The great cactus lexicon . Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-8001-4573-1 , p. 212-215 .
further reading
- C. Glass, RA Foster: The genus Echinomastus in the Chihuahuan Desert . In: Cactus and Succulent Journal . Volume 47, Los Angeles 1975, pp. 218-223.
- Hermann Wilhelm: Some remarks on the genus Echinomastus BR. et R. In: Cactus Succulents . 1981, p. 53 ff.
Web links
- Allan D. Zimmerman, Bruce D. Parfitt: Echinomastus . In: Flora of North America . Volume 4, 2005, p. 192.