Ludwig Reichenbach

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Heinrich Gottlieb Ludwig Reichenbach
Signature Ludwig Reichenbach.PNG

Heinrich Gottlieb Ludwig Reichenbach (born January 8, 1793 in Leipzig , † March 17, 1879 in Dresden ) was a Saxon , German natural scientist, zoologist and botanist . His name is used in scientific literature with Rchb. abbreviated.

Live and act

Reichenbach was the son of Johann Friedrich Jacob Reichenbach , vice principal at the Thomas School in Leipzig and author of the first Greek-German dictionary published in 1818. His son Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach was also a botanist and orchid researcher .

Reichenbach studied medicine and natural sciences at the University of Leipzig from 1810 , where he was awarded a Dr. phil. and in 1817 Dr. med. received his doctorate. He completed his habilitation in 1818 and in the same year became associate professor, in 1820 full professor for natural history at the Surgical Medical Academy in Dresden. Reichenbach worked there until it was dissolved in 1862. He was also director of the natural history collections at the Zwinger. He also directed the Dresden Botanical Garden, which he himself founded, until his death. Reichenbach was also one of the founders of the Natural Research Society in Leipzig in 1818 . In 1820 he was elected a member of the Leopoldina .

Reichenbach made a contribution to both the flora and fauna of Germany in a number of works. He aimed for a natural system of species. In 1826 he founded the Saxon Society for Botany and Horticulture "Flora" in Dresden, in which he served as a board member until 1843.

For decades Reichenbach was President of the Natural Science Society ISIS Dresden , the most respected scientific society in Dresden, of which he was chairman from 1836 to 1866. In 1834 Reichenbach initiated the Dresden Animal Welfare Association , which was founded in 1839. The animal protection association and ISIS still exist today.

Memorial stele for Ludwig Reichenbach in the Trinity Cemetery in Dresden

One of his most famous books is his "Complete Natural History of Mammals and Birds". His botanical and zoological books are illustrated with life-like pictures, some of which were drawn by himself.

Reichenbach died in 1879 and was buried in the Trinity cemetery in Dresden Johannstadt . The tomb was cleared after the right of use was given up. However, the cemetery administration no longer assigned the grave site, so that, on the initiative of the Senckenberg Natural History Collections Dresden, a stele was erected, which was unveiled on September 11, 2011.

The Reichenbachstraße in Dresden bears his name.

Honors and Dedication Names

The genus Reichenbachia Spreng. from the family of the miracle flower plants (Nyctaginaceae) has been named after him, as well as a type of violet, the forest violet or Reichenbach's violet ( Violareichenbachiana Jord. ex Boreau ). José Jerónimo Triana used the name Marsdeniareichenbachii for the condor liana .

Interestingly, used William Elford Leach 1826 also the generic name Reichenbachia for a beetle from the family of rove beetles (Staphylinidae). Another insect, which includes his name, belongs to the family of the quiver maiden (Limnephilidae) and was described by Friedrich Kolenati in 1884 as Enoicylareichenbachii .

Reichenbach was also honored in the specific epithet in ornithology . In 1857, for example, Carl Johann Gustav Hartlaub gave the Reichenbach nectar bird the name Anabathmisreichenbachii and in 1852 named a subspecies of the cinnamon stick as Todiramphus cinnamominusreichenbachii . Also August von Pelzeln described in 1870 in honor of Reichenbach's a subspecies of the Gray-fronted dove as Leptotila rufaxilla reichenbachii . Finally, in 1863, in Museum Heineanum , Jean Louis Cabanis and Ferdinand Heine described a subspecies of the soot woodpecker as Veniliornis fumigatusreichenbachi .

In Dutch one can also find the common name Reichenbach's Honingeter for the Papuan honey eater ( Meliphaga analoga ). In English, too, some authors have a common name called Reichenbach's Whitethroat ( Leucochloris malvina ). This taxon, which Reichenbach described in 1855, was considered a valid species for a long time. Today the taxon is considered a possible hybrid between the white-throated hummingbird ( Leucochloris albicollis ) and the golden-bellied emerald hummingbird ( Chlorostilbon lucidus ).

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  • Flora germanica excursoria (1830–1832, 3 volumes) online doi: 10.5962 / bhl.title.309
  • Flora exotica (1834–1836)
  • The dog in its main and side rooms (1835)
  • Flora germanica exsiccata (1830–1845)
  • Overview of the vegetable kingdom and its natural stages of development (1828)
  • Handbook of the natural plant system (1837) doi: 10.5962 / bhl.title.7598 , 2nd edition (1850) doi: 10.5962 / bhl.title.7572
  • Das Herbarienbuch (1841) doi: 10.5962 / bhl.title.7694
  • Magazine of aesthetic botany or illustration and description of the plants recommended for horticulture, together with details of their upbringing; (1821–1826, with 96 plates)
  • Monographia generis Aconiti (1820, with 19 plates)
  • Illustratio specierum Aconiti generis (1823–1827, with 72 plates)
  • Iconographia botanica p. Plantae criticae. Icones plantarum rariorum et minus rite cognitarum, indigenarum exoticarumque [...]. Leipzig 1823–1832 (with 1,000 plates)
  • Iconographia botanica exotica (1827–1830) doi: 10.5962 / bhl.title.46725
  • Regnum animale (1834–1836, with 79 plates)
  • Germany's fauna (1842, 2 volumes)
  • Most complete natural history at home and abroad (1845–1854, 2 sections in 9 volumes with over 1,000 plates), including
  • List of the hummingbirds or trochilids in their true natural relationship, together with the key to their systematics. (1854) online
  • Trochilinarum enumeratio: ex affinitate naturali reciproca primum ducta provisoria (1855) doi: 10.5962 / bhl.title.50085
  • Avium systema naturale (1850) doi: 10.5962 / bhl.title.49034
  • Anatomia mammalium (1845) doi: 10.5962 / bhl.title.37918
  • Views into the life of the animal world (1843) doi: 10.5962 / bhl.title.39637
  • Flora Saxonica (1842) doi: 10.5962 / bhl.title.6669 , 2nd edition (1844) doi: 10.5962 / bhl.title.6666

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Member entry of Heinrich Gottlieb Ludwig Reichenbach at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on February 6, 2016.
  2. ^ Tierschutzverein Dresden 1839 und Umgebung eV .
  3. ↑ Reichenbachstrasse. In: Adolf Hantzsch: Name book of the streets and squares of Dresden. (Communications from the Dresden History Association, 17/18). Dresden 1905.
  4. ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names - Extended Edition. Part I and II. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin , Freie Universität Berlin , Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-946292-26-5 doi: 10.3372 / epolist2018 .
  5. ^ South American Classification Committee 38a. "Leucochloris malvina," known only from the type specimen, was treated as a valid species by Cory (1918) and Pinto (1937); possibly a hybrid ( Memento of the original dated May 11, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (engl.) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.museum.lsu.edu
personal data
SURNAME Reichenbach, Ludwig
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Reichenbach, Heinrich Gottlieb Ludwig (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German natural scientist, zoologist and botanist
DATE OF BIRTH January 8, 1793
PLACE OF BIRTH Leipzig
DATE OF DEATH March 17, 1879
Place of death Dresden