Thelocactus
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| ( K.Schum. ) Britton & Rose |
Thelocactus is a genus of plants fromthe cactus family (Cactaceae). The botanical name of the genus is derived from the Greek word "θηλή" (thele) for wart and indicates ribs of the species dissolved in warts.
description
Thelocacti are flat-spherical to slightly columnar stem succulents up to 25 (occasionally up to 40) cm in height and 20 cm in diameter. The plants usually remain unbranched, sometimes branch slightly basal or rarely form cushions due to strong branching. Their ribs are broken up into rounded, bumpy warts that are angular at the bases. The areoles standing on the cusps are round or elongated lengthways. The thorns sprouting from them are often brightly colored (red, brown, yellow), sometimes also flattened or strongly roughened and usually clearly divided into peripheral and central spines.
The funnel-shaped, externally scaly flowers appear individually from the youngest areoles. The color of the bracts ranges from white to yellow and reddish to magenta and purple. After fertilization , green or red fruits are formed, which dry out when ripe , open at the base and release black, pear-shaped seeds .
Systematics and distribution
The distribution area of the genus Thelocactus extends from Texas in the United States to central Mexico . Its main area of distribution is the north of Mexico.
Karl Moritz Schumann established Thelocactus in 1898 as a subgenus of Echinocactus ( Echinocactus subg. Thelocactus ). Nathaniel Lord Britton and Joseph Nelson Rose raised the subgenus in 1922 to the rank of a genus. The type species of the genus is Echinocactus hexaedrophorus . The genus Thelocactus includes the following species:
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Thelocactus bicolor (Galeotti ex Pfeiff.) Britton & Rose
- Thelocactus bicolor subsp. bicolor
- Thelocactus bicolor subsp. flavidispinus (Backeb.) NPTaylor
- Thelocactus bicolor subsp. schwarzii (Backeb.) NPTaylor
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Thelocactus conothelos (Regel & Klein) Backeb. & FMKnuth
- Thelocactus conothelos subsp. argenteus (Glass & Foster) Glass
- Thelocactus conothelos subsp. aurantiacus (Glass & Foster) Glass
- Thelocactus conothelos subsp. conothelos
- Thelocactus garciae Glass & Mend.-Garc.
- Thelocactus hastifer (Werderm. & Boed.) FMKnuth
- Thelocactus heterochromus (FACWeber) Oosten
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Thelocactus hexaedrophorus (Lem.) Britton & Rose
- Thelocactus hexaedrophorus subsp. hexaedrophorus
- Thelocactus hexaedrophorus subsp. lloydii (Britton & Rose) NPTaylor
- Thelocactus lausseri Říha & Busek
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Thelocactus leucacanthus (Zucc. Ex Pfeiff.) Britton & Rose
- Thelocactus leucacanthus subsp. leucacanthus
- Thelocactus leucacanthus subsp. schmollii (Werderm.) Mosco & Zanov.
- Thelocactus macdowellii (Rebut ex Quehl) Glass
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Thelocactus rinconensis (Poselg.) Britton & Rose
- Thelocactus rinconensis subsp. hintonii Lüthy
- Thelocactus rinconensis subsp. multicephalus Lüthy
- Thelocactus rinconensis subsp. rinconensis
- Thelocactus setispinus (Engelm.) EFAnderson
- Thelocactus tepelmemensis Davis et al.
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Thelocactus tulensis (Poselg.) Britton & Rose
- Thelocactus tulensis subsp. bueckii (small) NPTaylor
- Thelocactus tulensis subsp. matudae (Sánchez-Mej. & ABLau) NPTaylor
- Thelocactus tulensis subsp. tulensis
With × Thelobergia Hirao there is an artificially created generic hybrid Thelocactus heterochromus × Leuchtenbergia principis .
Synonyms for the genus are Hamatocactus Britton & Rose (1922), Thelomastus Frič (1935, nom. Inval. ICBN -Article 36.1) and Torreyocactus Doweld (1998).
literature
- Walther Haage : cacti from A to Z . 3. Edition. Quelle & Meyer Verlag, Heidelberg 1986, ISBN 3-494-01142-7 .
- Jörg Ettelt: Thelocactus bicolor and its forms In: Cacti and other succulents . Volume 54, Issue 1, 2003, pp. 1-6.
Individual evidence
- ^ Karl Moritz Schumann: Complete description of the cacti . 1898, p. 429 ( online ).
- ^ NL Britton, JN Rose: Two new genera of Cactaceae . In: Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club . Volume 49, 1922, p. 251 ( online ).
- ^ Edward F. Anderson : The great cactus lexicon . Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-8001-4573-1 , p. 620-625 .
- ^ Tristan J. Davis, Héctor M. Hernández, Greg D. Starr and Carlos Gómez-Hinostrosa. 2018. A Distinctive New Species of Thelocactus (Cactaceae) from Oaxaca, Mexico. Phytotaxa. 361 (1); 115-122. DOI: 10.11646 / phytotaxa.361.1.10
further reading
- Edward F. Anderson: A revision of the genus Thelocactus B. & R. (Cactaceae) . In: Bradleya . Volume 5, 1987, pp. 49-76.
- Grzegorz F. Matuszewski, Stanisław Hinz: Thelocactus. Systematics, occurrence and culture . 2011, ISBN 978-83-932646-0-5 .
- Alessandro Mosco, Carlo Zanovello: A phenetic analysis of the genus Thelocactus . In: Bradleya , Volume 18, 2000, pp. 45-70, PDF .
- Alessandro Mosco, Carlo Zanovello: An introduction to the genus Thelocactus . In: Cactus & Co. Volume 6, Number 3, 2002, pp. 144-171, PDF .
