Mammillaria wrightii

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Mammillaria wrightii
Mammillaria wrightii subsp. wilcoxii

Mammillaria wrightii subsp. wilcoxii

Systematics
Order : Clove-like (Caryophyllales)
Family : Cactus family (Cactaceae)
Subfamily : Cactoideae
Tribe : Cacteae
Genre : Mammillaria
Type : Mammillaria wrightii
Scientific name
Mammillaria wrightii
Engelm.
Mammillaria wrightii subsp. wilcoxii

Mammillaria wrightii is a species of the genus Mammillaria in the cactus family(Cactaceae). Thespecific epithet wrightii honors the American botanist Charles Wright , who explored Texas and Cuba in particular. English common names are "Brown Pincushion", "Wilcox's Fishhook Cactus", "Wilcox's Pincushion", "Wright's Fishook Cactus" and "Wright's Pincushion".

description

Mammillaria wrightii mainly grows individually. The flattened spherical to short cylindrical shoots are dark green. They measure 3 to 8 inches in diameter. The cylindrically shaped warts do not contain milk juice . The axillae remain naked. There are up to 3  central spines . They are hooked, dark, and 1 to 1.2 inches long. The up to 12 whitish radial spines, the upper ones are less longer and darkly pointed, are 8 to 12 millimeters long.

The magenta to bright purple flowers , very rarely also white, are up to 2.5 centimeters long and large in diameter. The perianth segments are turned back. The ovoid to spherical fruits are purple in color. They are up to an inch long and contain black seeds .

Distribution, systematics and endangerment

Mammillaria wrightii is distributed in the US states of Arizona and New Mexico as well as in the Mexican states of Sonora and Chihuahua .

The first description was in 1856 by George Engelmann .

The following subspecies are distinguished:

  • Mammillaria wrightii subsp. wrightii :
    The nominate form has large magenta to purple flowers. The fruits appear like grape berries. They are up to 2.5 inches in diameter.
  • Mammillaria wrightii subsp. wilcoxii (Toumey ex K.Schum.) DRHunt :
    The first description was in 1898 as Mammillaria wilcoxii by James William Toumey and Karl Moritz Schumann . David Richard Hunt introduced the species in 1997 as a subspecies to Mammillaria wrightii . The subspecies has bright purple flowers; rarely white.

Synonyms are the following types and varieties described:

  • To the subspecies Mammillaria wrightii subsp. wrightii :
    Chilita wrigthii (Engelm.) Orcutt (1926), Ebnerella wrigthii (Engelm.) Buxb. (1951) and Cochemiea wrightii (Engelm.) Doweld (2000).
  • To the subspecies Mammillaria wrightii subsp. wilcoxii :
    Mammillaria wilcoxii Toumey ex K. Schum. (1898), Chilita wilcoxii (Toumey ex K. Schum.) Orcutt (1926), Mammillaria wrightii var. Wilcoxii (Toumey ex K. Schum.) WT Marsh. (1950, Ebnerella wilcoxii (Toumey ex K. Schum.) Buxb. (1951), Cochemiea wrightii subsp. Wilcoxii (Toumey ex K. Schum.) Doweld (2000), Mammillaria wilcoxii var. Viridiflora WT Marsh. (1951), Mammillaria wrightii var. viridiflora (WT Marsh.) WT Marsh. (1950), Mammillaria barbata var. viridiflora (WT Marsh.) E. Kuhn (1979, nom. inval. ICBN -Article 33.3), Mammillaria meridiorosei (Castetter) P. Pierce & KH Schwerin (1978), Mammillaria wrightii fa. Wolfii D.R. Hunt (1979) and Mammillaria wrightii var. Wolfii (DR Hunt) Repp. (1991).

In the Red List of Threatened Species of the IUCN , the species is listed as " Least Concern (LC) ". H. listed as not endangered.

proof

literature

  • Edward F. Anderson : The Great Cactus Lexicon . 2nd Edition. Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart 2011, ISBN 978-3-8001-5964-2 , pp. 415 .
  • Curt Backeberg : Die Cactaceae: Handbuch der Kakteenkunde . 2nd Edition. tape VI . Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart New York 1984, ISBN 3-437-30384-8 , p. 3111 f .
  • Zimmerman, AD and DA Zimmerman : A revision of the United States taxa of the Mammillaria wrightii complex with remarks upon the northern Mexican populations. Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) No. 49: Jg. 1977. pp. 23-34, 51-62 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Urs Eggli, Leonard E. Newton: Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names . Birkhäuser 2004, ISBN 3-540-00489-0 , p. 259.
  2. ^ Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences , Vol. 3, 1856, p. 262. (online).
  3. ↑ Karl Schumann : Complete description of the cacti (Monographia cactacearum) . J. Neumann, Neudamm 1899, p. 545 ( online ).
  4. ↑ DR Hunt: Mammillaria Postscripts . Volume 6, 1997 p. 5.
  5. ↑ Mammillaria wrightii in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013.2. Posted by: Heil, K., Terry, M. & Corral-Díaz, R., 2009. Retrieved December 23, 2013.

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