Maréchal calendar
The Maréchal calendar is a calendar design , the 1787 by the French writer Sylvain Maréchal as the honnêtes gene almanac was published. In it he transferred the 30 × 12 method, which was widespread in the interest calculation , to the calendar; each year has 12 months with 30 days each. The remaining days are added as additional days at the end of the year. Maréchal also wanted to replace the Christian feasts of saints with memorial days for famous men of history.
role models
The Maréchal calendar essentially corresponds to the ancient Egyptian calendar , which also has 12 months of 30 days each. At the end of the calendar year, five additional days, the epagomene , were inserted (intercalated). In 238 BC u. Z. was in Egypt by Ptolemy III. Euergetes I. decreed a switching rule through the Canopus Decree which determined the intercalation of a sixth epagomene at the end of the year every four years. Each month was divided into three ten-day decades . In addition, each decade could be divided into two "small" weeks, the pentads , each comprising five days .
The main difference between the Maréchal and the Ancient Egyptian calendar is the definition of the time of the beginning of the year. In addition, the names of the months and days of the week and the epoch are not identical.
reception
His calendar design was an important basis for the development of the French Revolutionary Calendar in 1793 , in which Maréchal was not involved. The naming of the days after historical personalities was taken up again by Auguste Comte in his positivist calendar in 1849 . The principle of the 30-day month can also be found in the Soviet calendar and in the 30 × 11 calendar.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Semjon Issakowitsch Seleschnikow: "How many moons does a year have?", Page 42
- ↑ 30 × 11 calendar in the calendar wiki , English
See also
Web links
- Photo series from Marechal's Almanac of Honorable People , French & English