Herod Agrippa II

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Herod Agrippa II (actually Marcus Iulius Agrippa ; * 27 AD; probably 92/93 AD) was the son of Herod Agrippa I and the brother of Berenike . From AD 50 until his death, he ruled over areas of what is now Lebanon, Syria and Israel as king installed by Rome . He also appears in the Acts of the Apostles , in which Paul , who had appealed to the emperor to the governor Porcius Festus by his Jewish opponents, is brought before him and Berenike (Acts 25: 13-26 EU ).

Herod Agrippa II was raised like his father at the Roman imperial court. When he died in AD 44, his son was still too young to succeed him as King of Judea . Only after the death of his uncle Herod of Chalkis did Herod Agrippa II take over the royal dignity and the supervisory authority of the Jerusalem temple with the right to appoint the high priest . As a result, he became the religious head of all Jews in Palestine as well as in the Jewish diaspora . In particular, he campaigned for the Jews of Alexandria in AD 53 . Also in 53 AD he received from the Roman Emperor Claudius instead of Chalkis the former tetrarchy of Philip , i.e. the landscapes of Batanaea , Trachonitis and Gaulanitis , as well as the areas of Lysanias . In 54 AD, Emperor Nero expanded his territory again: Herod Agrippa II received the cities of Tiberias and Tarichea in Galilee and Julias in Perea with the surrounding villages.

Like other rulers of the Herodian dynasty , Herod Agrippa is characterized by generous foundations and extensive building activities. After completing the construction work on the temple in Jerusalem , he had the streets of Jerusalem paved with marble at his own expense. He also showed himself to be a benefactor of the Hellenistic cities under his control. For example, he had a theater built in Berytos , finance lavish performances and distributing grain and oil to the population. Herod Agrippa II tried unsuccessfully to prevent the Jewish War (66–70 / 73 AD) against the Romans through negotiations. After the war he accompanied the Roman general and later Emperor Titus to Rome , where he lived until his death. According to his enemies, Herod Agrippa II lived in an incestuous relationship with his sister Berenike.

literature

  • Arthur Rosenberg : Iulius 54 . In: Paulys Realencyclopadie der classischen Antiquity Science (RE). Volume X, 1, Stuttgart 1918, Col. 146-150.
  • M. Braunschweiger: The teachers of the Mishnah - their life and work , Morascha publishing house, Basel / Zurich, 3rd edition, 1993, pages 12 to 14
  • Encyclopaedia Judaica, Volume I (Aa-Alp), 2nd ed., Keter Publishing House, 2007, p. 503
  • Julia Wilker: For Rome and Jerusalem. The Herodian dynasty in the 1st century AD.Antike Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 2007, ISBN 978-3-938032-12-1 .

Web links

Commons : Agrippa II  - collection of images, videos and audio files

swell

  • Flavius ​​Josephus : Jewish antiquities . Translated and provided with an introduction and notes by Heinrich Clementz. With paragraph counting according to Flavii Josephi Opera recognovit Benedictus Niese (Editio minor), Wiesbaden 2004. ISBN 3-937715-62-2 .
  • Flavius ​​Josephus: De bello Iudaico . Greek – German, ed. and with an introduction and annotations by Otto Michel and Otto Bauernfeind, 3 vol., 1959–1969.
  • Flavius ​​Josephus: From my life = (Vita). Critical edition, translation and commentary by Folker Siegert, Heinz Schreckenberg, Manuel Vogel u. a. Tübingen 2001. ISBN 3-16-147407-4 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Simon Sebag Montefiore: Jerusalem - The Biography , S. Fischer Verlag, Frankfurt a. M., 2011, pp. 36 and 37
personal data
SURNAME Herod Agrippa II
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Agrippa, Marcus Iulius; Iulius Agrippa, Marcus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION King of Judea (50-70)
DATE OF BIRTH 27
DATE OF DEATH after 93
Place of death Rome