Maria Leonovna Orbeli

Marija Leonowna Orbeli ( Russian Мария Леоновна Орбели ; born November 19 ^{. Jul} / 2. December  1916 ^greg. In Petrograd ; † 9. August 1949 in Leningrad ) was a Russian - Soviet nuclear physicist .

Life

Orbeli, daughter of physiologist Leon Abgarowitsch Orbeli , studied at the Leningrad University with degree in 1938. Then she was Research Associate of the Leningrad Actinometry -Instituts of Wojeikow -Main observatory for geophysics .

In 1939 Orbeli became a research assistant at the Radium Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR . Orbeli worked in Vitali Grigoryevich Chlopin's group and then in Konstantin Antonowitsch Petrschak's laboratory. Orbeli's research focus was nuclear fission . In the German-Soviet war she was evacuated to Kazan with the institute during the Leningrad blockade from 1942 to 1944 . Under Pyotr Ivanovich Lukirski's direction, she and Petrschak investigated the process of uranium fission by neutrons . She analyzed the fission products of thorium . In 1946, after defending her dissertation , she received her doctorate as a candidate for physical and mathematical sciences. After receiving her doctorate, she worked in Boris Sergeyevich Dschelepov's laboratory. Together with Dschelepov, she invented a special spectrometer in 1948 .

Orbeli died of radiation sickness and was buried in the Bogoslovskoye Cemetery.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d} Е. Румянцев: Орбели Мария Леоновна (accessed July 9, 2020).
2. ↑ Radium Institute: ХРОНОЛОГИЯ (accessed on July 9, 2020).
3. ↑ Funeral-SPB: ОРБЕЛИ Леон Абгарович (accessed on July 9, 2020).