Martian language

Martian
Period	until 3rd century BC Chr.
Formerly spoken in	Italy
Linguistic ; classification	Indo-European languages Italian languages Martian ;
Language codes
ISO 639-3	ims

The Martian language was spoken in ancient Italy by the Martians who settled in central Italy south of Lake Fucin . It belongs to the Umbrian group of the Italic languages and is closely related to the Volscian and äquischen related language.

Lore

The Martians language is written in four short inscriptions in the Latin alphabet from the 3rd to 2nd centuries BC. Known. Of these four dedicatory inscriptions , one comes from Marruvium and two from Supinum . The origin of the fourth inscription is unknown.

There is also an inscription on a bronze plaque from Antinum , dating from around 150 BC. BC originated. The language was classified by Vetter as Volskisch, but Antinum was in the settlement area of the Martians, so that the inscription is counted as Martian. In addition, the language is heavily Latinized.

There are also some other inscriptions from the period between 280 and 150 BC. Known, which are written either in a strongly Latinized Martian or in a dialectal Latin .

history

From the barely existing tradition it can be concluded that the Martians were latinized as early as the 3rd century.

literature

Overview

Philip Baldi: The Foundations of Latin . Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2002, ISBN 3-11-017208-9 , pp. 122-123 .
Rex E. Wallace: The Sabellic Languages of Ancient Italy (= Languages of the World / Materials 371 ). Lincom, Heidelberg 2007, ISBN 978-3-89586-990-7 .

Texts

Helmut Rix : Sabellian texts . The texts of the Oscan, Umbrian and Southern Piken. University Press C. Winter, Heidelberg 2002, ISBN 3-8253-0853-7 .

dictionary

Jürgen Untermann : Dictionary of Oskisch-Umbrian (= manual of the Italian dialects; Volume 3 ). University Press C. Winter, Heidelberg 2000, ISBN 3-8253-0963-0 .

Individual evidence

^ ^A ^b ^c Stuart-Smith, Jane: Phonetics and philology: Sound change in Italic . Oxford Univ. Press, 2004, ISBN 978-0-19-925773-7 , pp. 125 .
^ Rex E. Wallace: The Sabellic Languages of Ancient Italy (= Languages of the World / Materials 371 ). Lincom, Heidelberg 2007, ISBN 978-3-89586-990-7 , pp. 1 .
↑ ^a ^b Helmut Rix : Sabellic texts . The texts of the Oscan, Umbrian and Southern Piken. Universitätsverlag C. Winter, Heidelberg 2002, ISBN 3-8253-0853-7 , p. 66 .
^ Robert Coleman: The Central Italic Languages in the Period of Roman Expansion . In: Transactions of the Philological Society . tape 84 , no. 1 , 1986, ISSN 1467-968X , pp. 113 , doi : 10.1111 / j.1467-968X.1986.tb01049.x .
^ ^A ^b Philip Baldi: The Foundations of Latin . Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2002, ISBN 3-11-017208-9 , pp. 128 .
^ Robert Coleman: The Central Italic Languages in the Period of Roman Expansion . In: Transactions of the Philological Society . tape 84 , no. 1 , 1986, ISSN 1467-968X , pp. 111 , doi : 10.1111 / j.1467-968X.1986.tb01049.x .

[:1-1] A ^b ^c Stuart-Smith, Jane: Phonetics and philology: Sound change in Italic . Oxford Univ. Press, 2004, ISBN 978-0-19-925773-7 , pp. 125 .

[2] Rex E. Wallace: The Sabellic Languages of Ancient Italy (= Languages of the World / Materials 371 ). Lincom, Heidelberg 2007, ISBN 978-3-89586-990-7 , pp. 1 .

[:0-3] Helmut Rix : Sabellic texts . The texts of the Oscan, Umbrian and Southern Piken. Universitätsverlag C. Winter, Heidelberg 2002, ISBN 3-8253-0853-7 , p. 66 .

[:02-4] Robert Coleman: The Central Italic Languages in the Period of Roman Expansion . In: Transactions of the Philological Society . tape 84 , no. 1 , 1986, ISSN 1467-968X , pp. 113 , doi : 10.1111 / j.1467-968X.1986.tb01049.x .

[:2-5] A ^b Philip Baldi: The Foundations of Latin . Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2002, ISBN 3-11-017208-9 , pp. 128 .

[:03-6] Robert Coleman: The Central Italic Languages in the Period of Roman Expansion . In: Transactions of the Philological Society . tape 84 , no. 1 , 1986, ISSN 1467-968X , pp. 111 , doi : 10.1111 / j.1467-968X.1986.tb01049.x .