Martin Luther Church (Detmold)

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Martin Luther Church in Detmold
Choir window

The Martin Luther Church in Detmold on Schülerstrasse is a neo-Gothic church that was inaugurated in 1898.

Building history

prehistory

Seating order of the Landtag 1849 in the Lutheran Church

The land of Lippe was in 1605 during the so-called second Reformation at the instigation of Count Simon VI. Calvinist (= Reformed) had become, nevertheless a Lutheran congregation emerged again in Detmold in the 18th century. In 1733–1741 she built a church as a baroque, hexagonal central building with 300 seats on the site on today's Schülerstrasse. In 1848, during the March Revolution , Prince Leopold II had to admit that the Lippe state parliament should meet in public. The Lutheran Church was chosen as the meeting place for the Landtag. The church was only used as a parliament building for a short time. After Leopold II's death in 1851, the state parliament sessions were closed again.

At the end of the 19th century, the population of Detmold also increased sharply: While the city still had 5,600 inhabitants in 1862, in 1895 there were already over 11,000. The number of members of the Lutheran congregation, which had 2,300 members at the end of the century, increased in a comparable way, 300 of whom were children in 15 children's worship groups. The old baroque church no longer offered enough space for the community. In addition, the roof and window frames would have been in need of renovation. So the church council decided to tear down the church and build a larger new building.

Construction phase

Just as the Lutheran congregation grew, so did the Reformed congregation, which no longer found enough space in the old church on Markt (1564). As an incentive for new church buildings, Auguste von Donop (widow of the Hofjägermeister) had decreed in her will in 1883 that the parish that would be the first to build a new church should receive around 40,000 marks. However, in order not to compete with each other, the two parishes reached an agreement that they wanted to share the legacy . In fact, the Lutheran congregation was the first to build, and later reformed, the likewise neo-Gothic Christ Church on today's Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz.

Objections to the new building

With the bequest of 21,000 marks and the saved renovation expenses of approx. 9,000 marks, the church council of the Lutheran congregation decided to build a new building for 103,000 marks (plus 9,000 marks for a new organ). The city's magistrate would have liked to prevent the old baroque church from having to be demolished. But there was neither a monument protection law at the time, nor would there have been a solution for the renovation and other use of the old church if the necessary new building for the Lutheran congregation had been realized on another property.

inauguration

On May 25, 1896, the second Pentecost service took place in the old baroque church; the demolition began on Tuesday. The foundation stone for the new building was laid on August 12 of the same year. On March 23, 1898, the new building was inaugurated with a service. The cost estimate was only exceeded by 738 marks. On February 18, 1946, the 400th anniversary of Luther's death, the church was given its name Martin Luther Church.

Remodeling after construction

The choir in particular was soon felt to be overloaded: there were painted curtains on the walls in neo-Gothic style, and on the back wall there was a large altar made of a stone table with a reredos on it , like a Gothic building. That is why the interior of the church was redesigned several times, initially with a painting of geometric surfaces (based on Art Nouveau), later completely white. The paintings in the vaults were also removed. The main redesign of the choir was done in 1966: Now the neo-Gothic altar has been removed (its retable is still in the western side entrance of the church) and replaced by a free-standing, simple altar table, behind which the pastor can stand with a view of the congregation. The last renovation took place in 2009.

description

Church in the cityscape and materials

The plans for the neo-Gothic church come from the architect Fischer from Barmen. Because of the given site situation, it could not be oriented to the east, but was oriented with the main entrance and bell tower to the Schülerstrasse. The church is made of sandstone, stone and shell limestone, the roof is covered with slate. The facades are clad with small-scale natural stone masonry, with the corners carved out. The bell tower is crowned with a pointed roof flanked by four octagonal corner turrets.

Basic form

The church has three aisles with 4 vaulted bays, each supported by three pillars between the central and side aisles. The transepts only hint at protruding from the structure. There is a gallery above the side aisles and the entrance to offer as much space as possible. The gallery ends on the east side in front of the transept, presumably to allow the rising light to fall unhindered through the large pointed arch window of the transept into the church.

lighting

The church is illuminated by two- and three-lane tracery windows. Below the galleries are small windows with soffits made of stone. Belt arches and cross ribs form the roof vault. The neo-Gothic chandeliers were originally lowered through the keystones of the cross ribs.

Access

There are three entrance gates on Schülerstrasse. The large central portal leads through an anteroom into the nave, the two smaller gates on the side lead both into the interior and mainly to the galleries. The western (left) side door was expanded in 2010 to be handicapped accessible with a ramp. The princes of Lippe have their own entrance door (with anteroom) at the back, west of the choir. The sacristy is located on the east side of the choir.

Furnishing

crucifix

The crucifix was in renovation in 1966 on the central wall of the choir its central place in the church. It comes from Hans Steinbrenner , who created it in 1950/51 under the shock of dictatorship and war. The body of Christ was carved from the trunk of a linden tree torn by grenades, the cross from the oak stairs of a bombed house.

Choir window

Choir window of the Martin Luther Church, Schülerstr. 16, 32756 Detmold, Crucifixion scene

The neo-Gothic stained glass windows were made by the Ferdinand Müller glass painting company in Quedlinburg . They were donated by parishioners. The three central scenes from the life of Jesus are depicted: birth, death and resurrection. The middle window should be considered as an example. It shows the crucifixion of Jesus at the gates of Jerusalem. You can clearly see the outlines of the city wall in the background. Behind the crucified one notices a carpet; it is reminiscent of the curtain of the temple, which covered the Holy of Holies and was torn in half at the hour of Jesus' death. Angels can be seen on either side of the cross taking the blood of Jesus; this refers to the Lord's Supper. You can also see the moon and sun next to the cross, which is supposed to symbolize that all creation takes part in the work of redemption. In the lower part of the window on the left you can see the thistle with the dragon, which is reminiscent of the curse during the expulsion from paradise. On the right - next to the donor's note - the passion flower can be discovered, which as a paradise flower is a sign of the redeemed future. Finally, in the lower center, the pelican can be seen opening its chest to save its young from starvation with their own blood - an early church motif for Christ who gives himself up for the faithful.

pulpit

The pulpit was dismantled in 1966 so that a strictly axially symmetrical structure of the choir was created: in the middle the altar table, on the left the ambo , on the right a modern pulpit and as the highest point in the middle the crucifix. In 1989 the neo-Gothic pulpit was re-erected because the lectern was not accepted by the community. The pulpit is a carving by the Detmold carpenter Ludwig Beneke . It shows the Christ head with a crown of thorns in the middle compartment, left and right the symbols of the evangelists : man, lion, bull and eagle.

Baptismal font

The baptismal font still belongs to the original, neo-Gothic furnishings and shows parallels in material and design to the old altarpiece . It is modeled on a short column. After the font had found its final location in the east transept, the line of sight was emphasized in 2013 with a backlit glass artwork by the artist Ursula Ertz from Lippe .

Stalls

The oak stalls date from the construction period from 1896 to 1898. During the last renovation in 2009, however, the number of benches was reduced. The final benches (in front of the rows of benches) in the central nave were also removed; they are still preserved in the aisles. In 2009, all remains of the benches and final benches in the transepts were also removed. In the base of the western transept, the middle section of a former final bench with the princely coat of arms reminds of the chairs of the princely family that used to be here.

Bells

During the First World War , the two largest bronze bells had to be handed in to be melted down. A steel bell remained in the peal, which was supplemented by two more steel bells in 1923. The three steel bells sound in D flat 1 – F sharp 1 –a 1 .

organ

Organ of the Paschen Organ Workshop

Although a new organ had just been purchased for the baroque church in 1874 , the neo-Gothic church received a new organ by the court organ builder Klassmeier for its inauguration . In 1952 this organ was replaced by a new organ made by Ott from Göttingen, which - in accordance with contemporary tastes - was based on an early baroque sound ideal . In 2009 the Ott organ was replaced by a new organ from Paschen from Kiel. The old tool was to Lithuania translocated , where the Evangelical Church Will Kishen (Vilkyškiai) in Memel found a new home. The new organ ties in with the style of Klassmeier's instrument, i.e. the romantic disposition of the late 19th century. It has 41 stops in main work, pedal and a German and a French swell . It is just as suitable for church services as it is for concerts of practically all of the organ literature. The key actions are mechanical, the stop actions and links are electrical.

I main work C – a 3
1. Dumped 16 ′
2. Principal 8th'
3. flute 8th'
4th Viol 8th'
5. Octave 4 ′
6th Flauto dolce 4 ′
7th Fifth 3 ′
8th. Octave 2 ′
9. Mixture IV-V 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
10. Scharff III 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
11. Trumpet 16 ′
12. Trumpet 8th'
II Swell I C – a 3
13. Drone 16 ′
14th Octave 8th'
15th Transverse flute 8th'
16. Salicional 8th'
17th Voix céleste 8th'
18th Flute 4 ′
19th Nasard 3 ′
20th Octavine 2 ′
21st third 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
22nd Trumpet harm. 8th'
23. Hautbois 8th'
24. Clairon 4 ′
Tremulant
III Swell II C – a 3
25th Grand viol 16 ′
26th Violin principal 8th'
27. Reed flute 8th'
28. Flauto amabile 8th'
29 Fugara 4 ′
30th Forest flute 2 ′
31. Harmonia aeth. III 2 ′
32. clarinet 8th'
33. Vox humana 8th'
Tremulant
Pedal C – f 1
34. Sub bass 16 ′
35. Principal 16 ′
36. Fifth 10 2 ⁄ 3  ′
37. Octave 8th'
38. Dumped 8th'
39. Octave 4 ′
40. trombone 16 ′
41. Trumpet 8th'
  • Couple
    • Normal coupling: II / I, III / I, III / II, I / P, II / P, III / P
    • Sub-octave coupling: II / I, II / II, III / I, III / III
    • Super octave coupling: I / I, III / I, III / III

sightseeing

The Martin Luther Church is usually open on weekdays from 9:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. The community also offers free church tours. These can be booked through the community office (contact via the community website www.detmold-lutherisch.de). Services usually take place on Sundays at 10:00 a.m. and on the last Sunday of each month at 11:30 a.m.

Well-known parishioners

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ^ History of the city of Detmold. Detmold 1953, here: Herbert von Kaven, p. 229 ff; Walter Engelbert: 250 years of the Evangelical Lutheran Congregation in Detmold. Detmold 1971, p. 28 ff
  2. ^ History of the city of Detmold , here: Gerhard Peters, pp. 214 and 220
  3. ^ Walter Engelbert: 250 years of the Evangelical Lutheran Congregation in Detmold , p. 123.
  4. ↑ Alexander Uhlig: Two neo-Gothic churches for Detmold. In: Detmold around 1900. Bielefeld 2004, p. 96; Herbert von Kaven in: History of the City of Detmold , p. 243f
  5. ^ Walter Engelbert: 250 Years of the Evangelical Lutheran Congregation in Detmold , p. 124 f.
  6. ↑ Alexander Uhlig: Two neo-Gothic churches for Detmold, p. 97f
  7. ^ Walter Engelbert: 250 Years of the Evangelical Lutheran Congregation in Detmold , p. 126
  8. ^ Walter Engelbert: 250 Years of the Evangelical Lutheran Congregation in Detmold , pp. 128 and 131
  9. ↑ Walter Engelbert: 250 Years of the Evangelical Lutheran Congregation in Detmold , p. 199 f.
  10. ↑ Alexander Uhlig: Two neo-Gothic churches for Detmold, p. 97
  11. ↑ from hearing in: The Martin Luther Church. Centenary Church Guide, 1998
  12. ^ Walter Engelbert: 250 Years of the Evangelical Lutheran Congregation in Detmold , fn. 320
  13. ↑ Manfred Summa in: The Martin Luther Church. Centenary Church Guide, 1998
  14. ↑ Walter Engelbert: 250 Years of the Evangelical Lutheran Congregation in Detmold , p. 200
  15. ↑ Thomas Dann: Furniture Treasures from Lippe. Bielefeld 2011, p. 83
  16. ↑ Alexander Uhlig: Two neo-Gothic churches for Detmold, p. 102
  17. ^ Bells ringing in Detmold , accessed on March 1, 2010.
  18. ^ Walter Engelbert: 250 Years of the Evangelical Lutheran Congregation in Detmold , p. 130
  19. ^ Walter Engelbert: 250 Years of the Evangelical Lutheran Congregation in Detmold , p. 190
  20. ↑ For disposition ( Memento of the original from March 12, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 47 kB) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.paschen-kiel.de

literature

  • Detmold around 1900. Documentation of an urban history project. Published by the city of Detmold in cooperation with the Natural Science and Historical Association for the State of Lippe. Edited by Hermann Niebuhr and Andreas Ruppert. Aisthesis-Verlag: 2004, ISBN 3-89528-435-1
  • Walter Engelbert: 250 years of the Evangelical Lutheran Congregation in Detmold. 1721-1971. Self-published by the Evangelical Lutheran Church Community, Detmold 1971.

Web links

Commons : Martin Luther Church (Detmold)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 51 ° 56 '4.6 "  N , 8 ° 52' 50.6"  E