Martin Lister

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article or the following section is not adequately provided with supporting documents ( e.g. individual evidence ). Information without sufficient evidence could be removed soon. Please help Wikipedia by researching the information and including good evidence.
Martin Lister
Lister's snail drawings

Martin Lister (born April 11, 1639 in Radclive near Buckingham , † February 2, 1712 in Epsom ) was an English doctor and naturalist .

Live and act

Martin Lister was a nephew of Sir Matthew Lister, doctor of Anna of Denmark (wife of King Jacob I ) and of King Charles I. He was educated at St John's College in Cambridge from 1655 , where he graduated in 1659/60. In 1671 he became a member of the Royal Society and practiced medicine in York until 1683 before moving to London. In 1684 he received the degree "Doctor of Medicine" in Oxford and in 1687 became a member of the Royal College of Physicians .

Lister published numerous articles on natural history, medicine and antiquities in the Philosophical Transactions , the science journal of the Royal Society. His main works were: Historiae animalium Angliae tres tractatus (1678), Historiae Conchyliorum (1685, 1692) and Conchyliorum Bivalvium (1696). He was held in high regard as an explorer of the shellfish . While he recognized the horizon stability of fossil-bearing rock strata and the similarity of fossils to living forms, he viewed them, following the example of Athanasius Kircher , merely as "nature games", i.e. as inorganic imitations that had spontaneously formed inside the rocks.

In 1683 Lister made a proposal to the Royal Society for a new type of map (Phil. Trans., 1684). In this essay, he proposed the preparation of a soil or mineral map, which is why he is credited with being the first to recognize the importance of a geological survey.

Honors

By Martin Lister, the plant was genus Listera in the family of orchids (Orchidaceae) named and the Dorsa Lister on the Earth's moon.

Fonts (selection)

  • Historia Animalium Angliae . London 1678 ( digitized in the Google book search).
  • Appendix in Historiam Animalium Anglite . 1681.
  • Letters and various other Mixt Discourses in Natural Philosophy . London 1683.
  • De Thermis et Fontibus Medicatis Angliae . London 1684.
  • Sex Exercitationes Medicinales de quibusdam Morbis Chronicis . London 1694.
  • Exercitatio Anatomica in qua de Cochleis, maxime Terrestribus et Limacibus agitur . London 1694 ( digitized in the Google book search).
  • Exercitatio Anatomica altera, in qua agitur de Buccinis fluviatilibus et marinis . London 1695.
  • Exercitatio Anatomica tertia Conchyliorum Bivalvium . London 1696
  • A journey to Paris in the year 1698 . London 1699.
  • Apicii Coelii De opsoniis et condimentis sive arte coquinaria cum annotationibus . Jansson-Waesberg, Amsterdam 1709 ( digitized in the Google book search).

literature

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Lister, Martin
BRIEF DESCRIPTION English doctor and naturalist
DATE OF BIRTH April 11, 1639
PLACE OF BIRTH Radclive
DATE OF DEATH February 2, 1712
Place of death Epsom