Martin von Schwartner
Martin von Schwartner , Hungarian Márton Schwartner , (born March 1, 1759 in Käsmark , † August 15, 1823 in Óbuda , Hungary) was an Austrian historian and statistician in the crown land of the Kingdom of Hungary from the Austrian Empire .
Life
Martin Schwartner, the son of a businessman, graduated from high school in Käsmark, Preßburg and Ödenburg . Originally he wanted to continue studying theology, but then took up studies at the University of Göttingen in the subjects of history, diplomatics and statistics , where he studied with Gottfried Achenwall . He also had a doctorate in philosophy, although the degree and doctorate are not verifiable.
From 1781 to 1784 he worked as an educator in a Hungarian noble family. From 1784 to 1786 he was vice-principal at the Käsmarker Evangelical Lyceum and then moved to Ödenburg, where he worked as a professor at the grammar school there until 1788.
When he came to Pest University , today Loránd Eötvös University , in Pest in 1788 , he was not only appointed professor of diplomatic and heraldry , but also became director of the university library . In 1790 he wrote the first Hungarian textbook for diplomacy with the title Introductio in artem diplomaticam praecipue Hungaricam and thus became the founder of this subject. Schwartner also dealt with genealogy and published the study De gente Croviaca Hungariae regum stirpis Arpadianae haereditario successionis iuri non adversa . This study deals with the extinction of the Árpáden and the succession rights of the von Croy .
Later he also devoted himself to statistics and describes the demographic and economic data of Hungary for the first time in Statistics of the Kingdom of Ungern , a textbook. With the help of these statistics, originally developed in Germany, he was able to numerically connect politics and diplomacy. The majority of the book therefore also deals with constitutional law. He also brought in elements of political arithmetic . For this reason it can be described as the forerunner of scientific statistics in Hungary.
In 1801 he was ennobled. There is also a rich collection of his from 1815, in which the mayor's administration in Hungary was recorded. ( De scultetiis per Hungaricam quondam obviis ).
Despite skills and advocacy, he could never get a chair in statistics at the university.
Schwartner had no offspring.
literature
- Constantin von Wurzbach : Schwartner, Martin von . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 32nd part. Kaiserlich-Königliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Vienna 1876, pp. 284–286 ( digitized version ).
- I. Chalupecký: Schwartner, Martin (Márton) from. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 11, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1999, ISBN 3-7001-2803-7 , p. 419 f. (Direct links on p. 419 , p. 420 ).
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Schwartner, Martin von |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Schwartner, Marton |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Austrian historian and statistician in the crown land Kingdom of Hungary from the Austrian Empire |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 1, 1759 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Cheese pulp |
| DATE OF DEATH | August 15, 1823 |
| Place of death | Óbuda , Hungary |