Awa'uq massacre

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The Awa'uq massacre ( English Awa'uq Massacre ) was a mass murder by Russians of 500–2000 or 2500–3000 Sugpiaq ( The Konjagen or Kodiak Island Yupik ), the civilian population in Russian America , on August 14 Occurred in 1784 . Before contact with the Europeans, the Sugpiaq population ranged from 15,000 to 18,500. From around 1735 the Sugpiaq resisted the advance of the Russian colonial power, which led to a drastic reduction in the number of inhabitants. In September 1783, Grigory Ivanovich Schelichow landed with two ships and almost 200 men on the island of Kodiak , where he founded a trading post, although resident Russian fur hunters had warned him that there had been considerable clashes with the indigenous population on the island. In the summer of 1784 the surviving Sugpiaq, mostly women and children, gathered at the "Refuge Rock", where they were killed in August 1784 by the Russian fur trader Schelichow and his men.

In Alutiiq , the language of the local residents, a pillar of the surf on Sitkalidak Island in the Kodiak Archipelago is still called Awa'uq (literal translation: to be dumb or numb ).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ben Fitzhugh (2003), The Evolution of Complex Hunter-Gatherers: archaeological evidence from the North Pacific , Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York, 2003
  2. ↑ The Afognak Alutiiq People: Our History and Culture ( Memento of the original from November 13, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Alutiiq , a wholly owned subdiary of Afognak Native Corporation, July 2008 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.afognak.com
  3. ^ Heinrich Johann Holmberg , Ethnographic Sketches on the Peoples of Russian America, In Acta Societatis Scientiarum Fennicae . 1856: Vol. 4, 1863: Vol. 7
  4. ↑ Sven Haakanson, Jr. (2010), Written Voices Become History . In Being and Becoming Indigenous Archaeologists . George Nicholas (editor). Left Coast press, Inc., 2010
  5. ↑ Afognak Alutiiq Benefits, edition of July 22, 2008, pp. 1f
  6. ↑ Christian F. Feest (2011), Native American Indians . Rosenheim: Event + Congress, 2011

Web links