Heinrich Schliemann mausoleum
The Tomb of Heinrich Schliemann is at the First Cemetery of Athens and is the final resting place of the German businessman and archaeologist Heinrich Schliemann (1822-1890).
history
In 1888 Schliemann decreed in his will that he had determined both the place of his final resting place in the Athens cemetery and, with the architect Ernst Ziller, its shape.
After Schliemann took part in the second international scholars' conference on Hissarlik in March 1890 and carried out his seventh excavation campaign in Troy, he underwent an ear operation on November 13th in Halle (Saale) . On the way back to Athens he died in Naples of the consequences of the operation.
On January 4, 1891, he was buried in the Athens Central Cemetery. His friend, the Athenian architect Ernst Ziller, who had also designed Schliemann's house Iliou Melathron , designed a neoclassical mausoleum , after which Schliemann was reburied there in 1892.
description
Ziller's tomb for Heinrich Schliemann on the First Athens Cemetery, which dominates the entrance area of the cemetery, shows down to the smallest detail the type of monument erected for ancient heroes ( heroon ). The 8-meter-high monument consists of a large rusticated Pedestal for the grave chamber on this one frieze decorated , stepped base on which in turn a Doric amphiprostyle stands. On the architrave of the west side is the inscription:
" Greek ΗΡΩΙ ΣΧΛΙΜΑΝΝΩΙ "
what "Dem Heros Schliemann" means.
Ziller designed something like the Doric version of the Temple of Athena Nike .
The Parthenon also came into its own: "The proportions of the columns , capital and architrave correspond exactly to the values that can be determined on the Parthenon." Ziller inclined the columns by 1 cm inwards and made the corner columns 5 cm thicker than the central columns. The column shafts received a slight swelling . A bust of the archaeologist stands between the columns on the face of the mausoleum .
Ziller complied with Schliemann's wish that the frieze should show scenes from the Iliad and that the metope fields should reflect Schliemann's archaeological finds. The north frieze was dedicated to Schliemann himself, it shows scenes from the history of his excavations and the Schliemann couple.
Ziller processed his findings from years of research into ancient Greek sites and designed the components of the temple structure on the basis of the design recommendations he himself had under the heading of curvatures .
Schliemann's wife Sophia describes the location carefully chosen by Schliemann in Schliemann's autobiography, which she completed: "In death, the Acropolis with the Parthenon , the columns of Zeus Olympios , the blue Saronic Gulf and beyond the sea the fragrant mountain ranges of the Argolis , behind which Mycenae and Tyrins lie ”.
literature
- Georgios Stylianos Korres: Heinrich Schliemann's mausoleum in the central cemetery of Athens . In: Boreas. Munster contributions to archeology 4, 1976, pp. 133-173.
- Georgios Stylianos Korres: News about Heinrich Schliemann's Mausoleum in Athens . In: Boreas. Münster's contributions to archeology , 7, 1984, pp. 317-325.
- Anja Kloeckner ; C. Wulfmeier: A house for the hero . In: Dr. Heinrich Schliemann. Exhibition in the Academic Art Museum of the University of Bonn, February 1 to April 5, 1991. Bonn 1991.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Anja Klöckner, C. Wulfmeier: A house for the hero . In: Dr. Heinrich Schliemann . Exhibition in the Academic Art Museum of the University of Bonn. 1991, p. 34.
- ^ Heinrich Schliemann . Heinrich Schliemann High School. Archived from the original on May 19, 2016. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved May 18, 2016.
- ↑ a b Stephan Spichty: The town hall of Hermoupolis. A travel report . Final thesis of the NDS / gta 1995–1997. ETH Zurich, Institute for the History and Theory of Architecture. P. 32.
- ↑ Georg Korres; Manolis Korres: Heinrich Schliemann's mausoleum in the central cemetery of Athens . In: Boreas. Münster Contributions to Archeology 1986, p. 133 ff.
- ↑ Stefanie Samida: Heinrich Schliemann. Tübingen / Basel 2012, p. 29.
- ^ Heinrich Schliemann: autobiography, ed. by Sophie Schliemann . 1st edition, Leipzig 1892, p. 100. ( digitized with a drawing of the mausoleum )
Coordinates: 37 ° 57 ′ 51.5 ″ N , 23 ° 44 ′ 10.1 ″ E