Max Salzberg

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Max Isaak Salzberg (born December 7, 1882 in Aleksotas , Lithuania , then Russia; † April 3, 1954 in Hamburg ) was a German-Jewish private teacher and writer .

Live and act

Max Salzberg was born in December 1882 in a district of Kaunas into a destitute East Jewish family. His father was a craftsman. Max Salzberg began studying at the yeshiva , which he had to break off at the age of 16 because he was beginning to go blind. Salzberg was treated unsuccessfully for several years, including at the Israelite Hospital in Hamburg . Salzberg, who was considered highly gifted, went to Hamburg in 1906 and had the goal of becoming a teacher of modern languages. He acquired the German, French and English languages ​​largely through self-study. In 1909/10 he studied French at the Sorbonne and in 1913 graduated from the Johanneum Scholars' School . From 1913 to 1919 he studied philology at the University of Marburg . He received financial support from several Hamburg residents, including Max Warburg .

During the First World War , Salzberg was considered an " enemy alien " due to his origins and was temporarily de-registered for this reason. Salzberg, who had been striving for naturalization for several years, was instrumental in founding the German Study Institute for the Blind in order to accelerate the process. He received German citizenship in 1917 and received his doctorate in 1918 at the University of Marburg with a Central German thesis. He successfully passed the state examination for higher education in German, French and English and returned to Hamburg in early 1919. Due to several unfortunate circumstances, he was unable to get a job as a foreign language teacher and therefore worked as a commercial clerk for six years. He also gave private lessons as a language teacher.

From 1926, Salzberg concentrated solely on teaching the modern Hebrew language and Hebrew literature. He taught at the Ivriah language school, the Franz Rosenzweig Memorial Foundation and, from 1933, at the Jewish elementary school in Lübeck . Due to increasing anti-Semitic incidents, the willingness of Hamburg Jews to emigrate to Palestine increased at that time . For this reason, the courses offered by Salzberg were increasingly attended. His students included members of the Warburg family as well as Joseph Norden and Baruch Ophir .

During the time of National Socialism , Salzberg was increasingly ostracized and disenfranchised due to his religious affiliation. From November 1938 he could no longer give private lessons in Hebrew. Salzberg tried to emigrate several times, but did not succeed. He was one of the few Jews in Hamburg to survive persecution by the Nazis and Operation Gomorrah . Together with his wife Frida Salzberg-Heins , who provided for the couple's livelihood, he spent the war years in a Jewish house in Hamburg. Since he had lost almost all friends and students, Salzberg was lonely at the end of the Second World War . The couple moved into their previous apartment in the Grindelviertel , where for years subtenants who were forcibly assigned to them had insulted them anti-Semitically.

Max Salzberg died in April 1954. The life of the Salzberg couple was documented in an exhibition in 1998 in the Altona Museum . In the same year, the Hamburg School Museum reported on the private teacher as part of an exhibition on Jewish school life.

Publications

Max Salzberg wrote many fairy tales, stories and autobiographical sketches. The works appeared in numerous newspapers. He also wrote an autobiographical novel in Hebrew. The book, entitled Shurat hakawod , was only noticed in Israel in the early 1950s.

  • The adjectives as a poetic means of representation in Wirnt von Gravenberg using Hartmann and Wolfram for comparison . Dissertation Marburg 1918.

literature

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Salzberg, Max
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Salzberg, Max Isaak
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German-Jewish teacher and writer
DATE OF BIRTH December 7, 1882
PLACE OF BIRTH Aleksotas
DATE OF DEATH April 3, 1954
Place of death Hamburg