Warburg (family)

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The Warburg family is a German-Jewish family from which internationally outstanding bankers, patrons, political advisors and natural and cultural scientists have emerged. Since the late 19th century, the Warburgs have been among the most important families of the Jewish bourgeoisie, especially in Germany and the USA.

history

The earliest known ancestor of the Warburg family is Anselmo Asher Levi Del Banco (1480-1532). At the beginning of the 16th century, Del Banco was one of the leading money and pawnbrokers in the Italian trading metropolis of Venice . By decree of March 29, 1516, the government of Venice decided to ghettoise the Jewish community in a single district . After further restrictions, members of the Del Banco family left Venice and settled in the Principality of Hesse in the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation .

Letter of protection from the Hanseatic city of Warburg for Simon von Cassel (1559)

From 1556 Simon Del Banco (1500–1566) worked as a moneylender for farmers and grain dealers in Kassel, the residence of Philip I. After a house search, Del Banco changed his name to Simon von Cassel for fear of further reprisals and in the interests of integration. In 1557 Simon von Cassel moved via Herford and Beckum with his wife, children and servants to the Westphalian Hanseatic city of Warburg in the Principality of Paderborn . In Warburg he was issued a temporary residence and trade permit by the Warburg City Council on January 3, 1559 in return for a one-off payment of 100 thalers and other annual fees. Until the 19th century, Jews needed a permit to settle. They had to pay fees for this, and at the same time these letters of protection formulated some rigid conditions for the stay. Against the background of the canonical ban on interest for Christians, the city needed lenders who, due to their faith, were not subject to the ban on interest. Accordingly, the economic activity of the Warburg family was limited to the moneylending business. The residence permit, which was initially limited to ten years, was repeatedly extended by the responsible prince-bishopric of Paderborn, so that the family stayed in Westphalia for almost 100 years. Apparently during this time she achieved wealth and prestige. After a few years, Simon von Cassel finally adapted Warburg as the new family name and has since been considered the ancestor of the Warburg family.

Simon von Cassel's great-grandson Levi Juspa Joseph Warburg (1627–1678) relocated the family seat to the north in 1668 after the Thirty Years War (1618–1648) to Altona, which was under Danish administration, as the small German states had access to the sea after the Peace of Westphalia (1648) remained blocked and inland trade came to a standstill. Gumprich Marcus Samuel Warburg (1727–1801) moved his residence from Altona to the economic metropolis of Hamburg, only a few kilometers away. The city-state, in full bloom, had its own merchant fleet, military, and many foreign consulates. Europe's wealth flowed through the port of Hamburg: cargo of fish to Scandinavia, wool to Flanders, furs from Russia. The maritime trade atmosphere, which closely linked Hamburg's residents with London , Amsterdam and other cities abroad, coupled with a tolerant civic culture brought the Warburgs into contact with a cosmopolitanism that was liberating after the experiences in the provincial inland. In the Hanseatic city, Gumprich's unequal sons Moses Marcus Warburg (1763-1830) and Gerson Warburg (1765-1825) developed the MMWarburg & CO bank, which still exists today, from their father's money lending and pawn exchange business in 1798 .

Moritz M. Warburg (1838-1910)
from left: Frieda Schiff-Warburg, Charlotte Warburg, Felix M. Warburg
Aby Warburg with the Hopi Indians

The fourth generation of the Warburg family from the Mittelweg-Warburg family line founded by Moritz M. Warburg (1838–1910) and his wife Charlotte Esther Warburg (née Oppenheim, 1842–1921) shaped the early age of globalization on both sides Atlantic. While Max M. Warburg (1867–1946) developed the family-owned MMWarburg & CO in Hamburg into one of the largest and most renowned private banks in the world, his brothers Paul M. Warburg (1868–1932) and Felix M. Warburg (1871–1931) Partner in Wall Street banking house Kuhn, Loeb & Co. in New York. Paul M. Warburg was also instrumental in the development of the US Federal Reserve System , as well as in the establishment of the policy advisory Council on Foreign Relations .

Felix M. Warburg founded the world's largest Jewish charity, the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee , in 1914 . At the time of the Nazi dictatorship (1933-1945) made possible Max M. Warburg, Felix M. Warburg, Edward MM Warburg, Bettina Warburg, Eva Warburg , Gisela Warburg, Anita Wolf-Warburg and Lola Nina Hahn-Warburg with enormous financial, political and organizational help for tens of thousands of Jews to emigrate to Palestine, England, the USA and Scandinavia. Lola Nina Hahn-Warburg (1901–1989), since 1933 active board member in the Reich Representation of Jews in Germany , was at that time the lover of Chaim Weizmann , then President of the World Zionist Organization and later first President of the State of Israel founded in 1948 . With her sister Anita Wolf-Warburg, Lola Nina Hahn-Warburg was particularly involved in looking after German-Jewish refugees in Great Britain. The negotiations held in 1938 by a delegation led by Chaim Weizmann and Lola Hahn-Warburg's involvement with the British Home Office succeeded in getting the British government and the British House of Commons to emigrate to Great Britain an unlimited number of children. Over 10,000 Jewish children were saved between 1938 and 1939 using these child transports.

Almost the entire Warburg family emigrated to the USA, England and Sweden by 1938. Siegmund George Warburg founded the bank SG Warburg & Co. in London in 1938 and became one of the most important British bankers in the following decades. Eric M. Warburg (1900–1990), the son of Max M. Warburg born as Erich Hermann Moritz Warburg in Hamburg, founded the EM Warburg & Co investment bank in New York in September 1938 after his emigration . During the Second World War, Warburg served in the US Army from 1941 to 1945 after the attack on Pearl Harbor . The US armed forces urgently needed men who spoke fluent German and knew the political and geographical realities of the enemy. After training as an officer in Florida, he attended a US Air Force intelligence school in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, and completed his staff duty in Washington. At his own request, Eric M. Warburg was posted to England in 1943 and served as liaison officer between the General Staffs of the US Air Force and the British Royal Air Force . In England he was trained in a secret interrogation center in Buckinghamshire , where British agents were taking German prisoners of war into the mangle. Eric M. Warburg landed with the Allied forces in North Africa in November 1942 . After the invasion of Sicily in July 1943, he scouted positions for the Air Force. During an illness-related break, he did some work at the US Department of Defense in Washington. From here he made sure that Lübeck was not bombed again by the British Royal Air Force. In addition, he made sure that the planning staff for the design of post-war Germany that Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein, contrary to the original planning, do not fall into the Soviet zone and that the Elbe forms the future border. The next assignment was Eric M. Warburg, now with the rank of major, putting together a communications unit for the upcoming invasion of Normandy. In June 1944 he took part with this unit in the Allied landings in Normandy ( D-Day ). He then worked with a small group of American and British officers in the liberation of Paris in August 1944. A little later, Eric M. Warburg took care of the surviving resistance fighters of July 20, 1944 .

In the turbulent days of the end of the war shortly before Germany's surrender in May 1945, Lt. Col. Eric M. Warburg, as a lieutenant colonel in the intelligence service of the US Air Force, started a daring undertaking with which he got ahead of the Soviets: With jeeps and trucks, he took 160 German scientists and their families out of East Germany within three weeks and brought them into custody of the US armed forces to Bad Kissingen to the Hotel Wittelsbacher Hof. These included specialists in nuclear research and the V2 rockets . Among them Wernher von Braun and numerous scientists who later participated in the American space program for the moon landing. He also met Otto Warburg , a friend who was distantly related to him, Nobel laureate and biochemist , who continued to work as a scientist in the Third Reich unmolested by the National Socialists. As head of interrogation of prisoners of war of the US Air Force, Eric M. Warburg conducted the first interrogations of leading Wehrmacht officers on European soil, including Generals Halder and von Falkenhausen . In May 1945 he spoke to Hermann Göring , the head of the German Air Force, for over 20 hours in Augsburg . For Eric M. Warburg's service in the war, the Americans awarded him the Legion of Merit , the British the Order of the British Empire and the French the Croix de guerre . In September 1945 Eric M. Warburg returned to New York.

In 1949, Warburg confidante John Jay McCloy was appointed by the US government as High Commissioner for Germany and was thus the most important representative of the Allies in post-war Germany. Eric M. Warburg and John McCloy had been friends since the 1920s, as McCloy worked as a lawyer for the New York banking house Kuhn, Loeb & Co. , which was interwoven with the Warburgs , and they also spent their free time together. Shortly after McCloy took office, Eric M. Warburg was one of the first guests of the new High Commissioner in Bonn. At a dinner Warburg pleaded enthusiastically that the dismantling of German industrial companies should be stopped completely, because otherwise nothing good could grow out of post-war Germany. McCloy initially reacted negatively, but in the end he campaigned for twelve German industrial groups to stop dismantling and put it into practice. Shortly thereafter, Eric M. Warburg and John Jay McCloy founded the Atlantik-Brücke in Hamburg and the sister organization American Council on Germany in New York to promote German-American economic, military and cultural relations in post-war Germany. "McCloy's thinking was deeply influenced by Eric M. Warburg," said German diplomat Walther Leisler Kiep in his book Bridge Builder: An Insider's Account of Over 60 Years in Postwar Reconstruction, International Diplomacy, and German-American Relation .

During the Second World War, Paul M. Warburg's son James Paul Warburg (1897-1969), born in Hamburg, served as Special Assistant to the US government agency Office of the Coordinator of Information to centralize propaganda and intelligence activities in Washington during World War II . From 1942 to 1944 he continued his work as deputy director of the successor United States Office of War Information .

Members of the Warburg family made significant, internationally recognized scientific and cultural contributions. Aby M. Warburg founded the Warburg Cultural Studies Library in Hamburg at the beginning of the 20th century . The Jewish Museum has been located in the former home of Felix M. Warburg on New York's 5th Avenue since 1944 . Otto Warburg (1859–1938) was a co-founder of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in 1918 , head of the botanical department there and served as president of the World Zionist Organization between 1911 and 1920 . Otto Heinrich Warburg (1882–1970), head of the Berlin Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Cell Physiology, received the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1931 for his biochemical work .

genealogy

family tree

Emil Gabriel Warburg (1846–1931)
Albert Ballin (1857-1918)
Otto Warburg (1859-1938)
Otto Heinrich Warburg (1883-1970)
Fredric John Warburg (1898-1981)
  1. Simon von Cassel (1500–1566), married to Jutte von Cassel (1505 – unknown)
    • Samuel Warburg (1525–1595), married to unknown
      • Jacob Simon Warburg (approx. 1570–1636, died in Warburg), married to unknown
        • Levi Juspa Warburg (1600–1679, died in Hamburg), married to unknown
          • Jacob Samuel Warburg (1627–1668, died in Hamburg), married to Rahel Reizche Goldzieher (1648–1674)
            • Samson Warburg (1651–1711, died in Altona), married to Hindle Löb Warburg (approx. 1637–1697)
              • Samuel Moses Warburg (1690–1759, died in Altona), married to his cousin Rahel Lea Warburg (1701–1770)
              • Dina Reizche Goldschmidt (née Warburg) (1713–1737), married to Bendix Levy Goldschmidt (approx. 1683–1721)
            • Salomon Warburg (1653 - unknown)
            • Isaac Ruben Warburg (1655–1729), married to Gitla Meier Heilbut (1657–1734)
              • Rahel Lea Warburg (1701–1770), married to her cousin Samuel Moses Warburg (1690–1759)
                • Moses Samson Warburg (1719–1769)
              • Samuel Ruben Warburg (1702–1756)
                • Daniel Samuel Warburg (1727–1796), married to Genendel Warburg (née Friedburg, 1740–1821)
                  • Marcus Daniel Warburg (1777–1834), married to Hanna Warburg (née Levy, 1760–1818)
                  • Moses Ruben Daniel Warburg (1773–1847), married to Schewa Sophie Warburg (née Bondi, 1784–1862)
                    • Daniel Rudolf Warburg (1804–1883), married to Caroline Warburg (born Beit, 1820–1892), an aunt of Ferdinand Beit
                    • Simon Ruben alias Siegmund Rudolf Warburg (1817–1899), married to Anna Warburg (née Goldschmidt, 1833–1894)
              • Moses Warburg (1704–1748)
              • Salomon Warburg (1706–1743)
              • Isaac Selig Warburg (1708–1765)
            • Seligman Warburg (1657–1742, died in Altona)
            • Moses Samuel Warburg (1666–1701), married to Hitzla Moses Heilbut (1670–1693) and Röschen Mosche Gumprich (1675–1700)
              • Samuel Moses Warburg (1690–1759), married to Zippora Rachel Delbanco (1690–1783)
                • Moses Frankfurter Warburg (1723–1753), married to Jettchen Warburg (née Wagner, 1726–1833)
                  • Elias Moses Warburg Del Banco (1750–1802) founder of the Danish Warburg line in Copenhagen , which again took on the original family name Del Banco
                    • Moses Del Banco (1784–1848), Danish politician
                • Elias Samuel Warburg (1729–1805), married to Schönche Del Banco (1738–1799)
                  • Simon Elias Warburg (1760–1828) married to and Zippora Henriques (1773–1843), ancestor of the Swedish Warburg line in Gothenburg and founder of the first Jewish community in Sweden
                    • Abraham Samuel Warburg (1798–1856), married to his cousin Sara Warburg (1805–1884; see below)
                    • Michael Simon Warburg (1802–1868), married to Hanne Salomonsen (1817–1909)
                      • Karl Johann Warburg (1852–1918), a. a. Professor at the Stockholm University, was a member of the art directorate of the Gothenburg Museum and played an important role in the art and literary life of Sweden
                      • Fredrick Elias Warburg (1832–1899), co-founder of the Central London Railway , the first electric railway in London
                  • Salomon Moses Frankfurter Warburg (1747–1824), married to Zipporah Sophie Warburg (born Leidesdorf, 1760–1796)
                    • Wolf Salomon Samuel Warburg (1778–1854), married to Betty Bella Warburg (née Lazarus, 1782–1862)
                      • Moritz Warburg (1810–1886), lawyer, politician, 1848–1850 member of the Constituent Assembly for Schleswig-Holstein
                      • Pius Warburg (1816–1900), German banker, art collector and patron
                • Ester Tamar Levy (born Warburg, 1731–1772), married to Juda Moses Gerson Levy (1720–1769)
                  • Rosina Ballin (née Levy, 1765–1824), married to Joel Joseph Ballin (1751–1817)
                    • Samuel Joel Joseph Ballin (1804–1874), married to Amalia Meyer (1815–1909)
                • Gumprich Marcus Samuel Warburg (1727–1801), married to Hela Riwka Heckscher (1748–1818)
                  • Gerson Warburg (1765–1826), founder of the private bank MMWarburg & CO
                  • Moses Marcus Warburg (1763–1831), founder of the private bank MMWarburg & CO , married to Röschen Hausen Abrahamson (1765 – unknown)
                    • Sara Warburg (1805–1884), married to her cousin Abraham Samuel Warburg (1798–1856; see above)
                      • Marianne Warburg (1830–1881)
                      • Malchen Goldschmidt (born Warburg, 1831–1911), married to Adolf-Abraham Goldschmidt (1810–1857)
                      • Rosa Schiff (née Warburg, 1833–1908) married to Paul Schiff (1829–1893)
                      • Siegmund Warburg (1835–1889), banker at MMWarburg & CO , founder of the Alsterufer family line
                      • Moritz M. Warburg (1838–1910), banker at MMWarburg & CO , founder of the Mittelweg family line

Family lines Mittelweg- and Alsterufer-Warburg

The Mittelweg-Warburgs (1884); from left: Felix, Paul, Olga, housemaid, Franziska Jahns, Charlotte, Moritz, Théophilie, Louisa, Aby
Baron Horace Günzburg (1833–1909)

Sara Warburg (1805–1884), the only daughter of Moses Marcus Warburg, the founder of MMWarburg & CO, was considered the matriarch of the Warburg family . After the death of her husband Abraham Samuel Warburg (1798–1856), Sara Warburg ran the business of MMWarburg & CO as the sole owner for several years. Her sons Siegmund Warburg (1835–1889) and Moritz M. Warburg (1838–1910), who lived strictly Jewish Orthodox like her, gradually transferred shares and managerial tasks to the family's own bank between 1859 and 1863. Sara Warburg left the bank in 1865 and finally transferred the management of the financial institution to the two sons. Together with their respective families, Siegmund and Moritz M. Warburg cultivated a relationship with one another that was characterized by changing superiority and jealous rivalry for decades. The brothers weren't just very different outwardly. Siegmund had a blunt nose, thick lips, was dark-skinned and was considered business-minded, harsh and easily excitable. Moritz, on the other hand, had fine features, a fair complexion and was rather sluggish, dandy and popular with women.

Two family lines arose from the dissimilar brothers: Siegmund Warburg married Théophilie Rifka Tova Rosenberg (1840–1905) from Kiev in 1862 and founded the Alsterufer-Warburgs . Siegmund built a magnificent palace for his family on Alsterufer 18 and, by marrying his wife from Russia, turned the Warburg house into a small-scale multinational company. Théophilie's sister Anna was married to Baron Horace de Gunzburg , a cosmopolitan Russian who owned banks in St. Petersburg and Paris, was a friend of the French emperor and later acted as an advisor to the Russian tsar Nicholas II . Another sister of Siegmund's wife Théophilie was married to the banker LE Aschkenasi, who worked in Odessa . Théophilie's sister Rose married the court banker Baron Josef von Hirsch in Munich , which resulted in further personal relationships with the banking houses Bischoffsheim & Goldschmidt . On June 12, 1864 Moritz Warburg married the Frankfurt jeweler daughter Charlotte Oppenheim. This resulted in relationships with the leading Frankfurt banking houses, in particular with the Moritz B. Goldschmidt banking house. The marriage of convenience continued to make a significant contribution to the expansion of MMWarburg & CO's business area .

The counterpart to Siegmund was his brother Moritz M. Warburg, who from then on led the fortunes of the Mittelweg Warburgs from the villa at Mittelweg 17 . The streets Alsterufer and Mittelweg run parallel to each other in the immediate vicinity in the Hamburg district of Rotherbaum and are now intersected by Warburgstraße . For decades there was a dispute about which share of the family's fame should be placed higher, that of the Alsterufer - or that of the Mittelweg-Warburgs . This went so far that the male descendants from the Alsterufer put an "S." for Siegmund after their first names, those from Mittelweg an "M." for Moritz. Despite all the differences, the family's solidarity could not be endangered. Both Warburg families belonged financially to the upper class and, as wealthy Hamburg Jews, cultivated an upper-class Hanseatic lifestyle. The Warburgs were rooted in Jewish tradition: the children learned Hebrew, the food was kosher , Jewish holidays and religious laws were observed.

Family line middle-Warburg

Aby M. Warburg (1866-1929)
Max M. Warburg (1867-1946)
Paul M. Warburg (1868-1932)
Felix M. Warburg (1871-1937)

From the family line of the Mittelweg-Warburgs of Moritz M. Warburg and his wife Charlotte Esther Warburg (née Oppenheim, 1842–1921) come next to the daughters Olga Charlotte Kohn-Speyer (née Warburg; 1873–1904) and Louisa Martha Derenberg ( born Warburg; 1879–1973) the five sons who were extremely effective internationally at the time:

  1. Aby Moritz Warburg (1866–1929), private scholar, art historian , cultural scientist and founder of the Warburg Institute in London, the Warburg Library of Cultural Studies at the University of London . Aby Warburg married the sculptor Mary , nee. Hertz. The couple had three children:
    • Marietta Braden (1899–1973).
    • Max Adolph Warburg (1902–1974)
    • Frede Charlotte Prague (1904-2004)
  2. Max Moritz Warburg (1867–1946), internationally active banker and from 1893 partner of MMWarburg & CO . During the German Empire , Max Warburg played an important role in Hamburg, German and international politics: from 1904 to 1919 he belonged to the Hamburg citizenship (1904 –1919) and the Hamburg Chamber of Commerce (1903–1933) and was one of the Imperial Jews who advised Wilhelm II on financial issues; Co-founder of IG Farben ; Max M. Warburg married Alice Warburg (née Magnus; 1873–1960) in 1899. They had a son and four daughters:
    • Eric Moritz Warburg (1900–1990), internationally active banker and from 1929 partner of MMWarburg & CO ; founded the banking house EM Warburg & Co. in London in 1938, which today operates as the private equity and investment company Warburg Pincus ; Lieutenant Colonel in intelligence in the US Air Force in World War II; After the Second World War, Eric M. Warburg became one of the most important promoters of German-American relations in post-war Germany as a co-founder of Atlantik-Brücke eV and the American Council on Germany ; Eric M. Warburg was married to Dorothea Warburg (née Thorsch; 1912–2003) and had three children:
      • Max Marcus Alfons Warburg (born 1948 in New York), Deputy Chairman of the Supervisory Board at MMWarburg & CO
      • Marie Warburg, American citizen, married to Michael Naumann since 2005
      • Erica Warburg
    • Lola Nina Hahn-Warburg (1901–1989), lover of Chaim Weizmann , then President of the World Zionist Organization and first President of the newly founded State of Israel , since 1933 an active board member in the Reich Representation of Jews in Germany and with her sister Anita Wolf-Warburg Particularly involved in looking after German-Jewish refugees in Great Britain and above all in the so-called Kindertransporte 1938/39. Negotiations by a delegation in 1938 led by Chaim Weizmann and Lola Hahn-Warburg's involvement with the British Home Office succeeded in getting the British Government and the British House of Commons to emigrate to Britain an unlimited number of children . Over 10,000 Jewish children were saved in this way.
    • Renate Olga Calder Warburg (1904–1984)
    • Anita Wolf-Warburg (1908–2008), emigrated to London in 1935, where she worked in a special way for the Jewish Refugees Committee and the British Red Cross
    • Gisela Warburg Wyzanski (1912–1991), headed the office of the child and youth Aliyah in Berlin at the time of National Socialism , emigrated to the USA in 1939 and was involved there as a board member of Hadassah for Zionism .
  3. Paul Moritz Warburg (1868–1932), internationally active banker, went to New York in the 1890s, from 1902 partner in the US bank Kuhn, Loeb & Co .; Paul M. Warburg took American citizenship in 1911; Creator and until 1918 Vice Chairman of the US Federal Reserve System ; Paul M Warburg married Nina Loeb (1870–1945), a daughter of his business partner Salomon Loeb , who also worked in New York, in 1895 , and had a son and a daughter:
    • James Paul Warburg (1897–1969), the Hamburg-born banker, emigrated to the USA with his father Paul M. Warburg as a child; after graduating from Harvard University , he initially worked for various New York banks in responsible positions; Financial advisor to US President Franklin D. Roosevelt at the 1933 London Conference on Managing the Great Depression; from 1941 to 1942, James P. Warburg served as Special Assistant to the US Government Office of the Coordinator of Information to centralize propaganda and intelligence activities during World War II in Washington, DC; from 1942 to 1944 he served as the deputy director of the United States Office of War Information for disseminating war information and propaganda during World War II
    • Bettina Warburg (1900–1990), married to Samuel Grinson
  4. Felix Moritz Warburg (1871-1937); Philanthropist; international banker; from 1894 partner at Kuhn, Loeb & Co, New York; his home in New York City now houses the Jewish Museum . Felix M. Warburg married Frieda Schiff (1875–1958), the daughter of his senior partner Jacob Schiff , in 1895 and had one daughter and four sons:
    • Carola Warburg Rothschild (1896–1987) married the entrepreneur Walter N. Rothschild from the Rothschild dynasty.
    • Frederick M. Warburg (1897–1973), investment banker and like his father partner at Kuhn, Loeb & Co. in New York.
    • Gerald Warburg (1902–1971), cellist
    • Paul Felix Solomon Warburg (1904–1965), developed highly successful fundraising methods for the Federation of Jewish Philanthropies of Greater New York and was an active board member of numerous Jewish associations in New York City. Paul Felix Solomon Warburg and his wife Jean Warburg (née Stettheimer) had a daughter:
      • Felicia Schiff Warburg Sarnoff Roosevelt (born 1927), Felicia first married in 1950 Robert William Sarnoff, then President of NBC and son of David Sarnoff , the inventor of color television broadcasting and founder of the radio and TV broadcaster NBC. After their divorce, she married the son of 32nd US President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1970, Franklin Delano Roosevelt Jr.
    • Edward Mortimer Morris Warburg (1908–1992) was an art lover, co-founder of MoMa , founding father of American ballet , co-founder of the Harvard Society for Contempory Arts , from 1941–1943 and from 1946–1965 chairman of the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee and chairman of the United Jewish Appeal .
  5. Fritz Moritz Warburg (1879–1964), banker; was married to Anna Warburg , the daughter of the banker Siegfried Samuel Warburg and his wife Ellen Josephoson. Fritz and Anna Warburg had three daughters:

Family line Alsterufer-Warburg

Five daughters and two sons come from the Alsterufer-Warburg family line of Siegmund M. Warburg and his wife Théophilie Rosenberg:

  1. Mathilde Warburg (1863–1922) married to Samuel Zagury
  2. Abraham "Aby". S Warburg (1864–1933), former partner of MMWarburg & CO , married to Olga L. Leonine (1872–1895) and second marriage to Elly Simon (1873–1931):
    • Olga L. Warburg (1898–1965), married to Fritz Laumann (1888–1935)
    • Ellen J. Warburg (1899–1940), married to SFLT Plaut (1888–1949)
    • Elsa Marianne Warburg (born 1901), married to Oscar Henri Leopold Goldschmidt (1881–1960)
    • Ruth A. Warburg (1904–1967), married to Kurt M. Neu (1899–1982)
    • Karl SA "Charles" Warburg (1907–1972), married to Louise Einstein (born 1911)
  3. Anna Warburg (1866–1929), married to Martin Blumenfeld (1855–1908)
  4. Rosa Warburg (1870–1922), married to her Russian cousin Baron Alexander Moses von Günzburg zu St. Petersburg (1863–1948), a member of the Günzburg Jewish-Russian banking family
    • Anna (1892–1986), married to Salomon Halperin (1880–1955), who was born in Kiev; lived in Paris
    • Theodore (1893–1945), attaché at the Russian Embassy in Washington , married to Wilhelmina Ptasznik (1901–1988)
    • Olga (1897–1986), married since 1921 to Ignacio Isaac Bauer y Landauer, a scion of the extremely important Madrid banker and director of the Spanish Rothschild representative office Ignacio Salomon Bauer (1828–1895); Olga and husband Ignacio lived in Madrid and Switzerland
    • Vera (born in St. Petersburg ; 1898–1971), married to the banker Paul Israel Dreyfus (1895–1967), offspring of the Basel bankers Dreyfus Söhne & Cie.
    • Marc (1903-1904)
    • Hélène (born 1906), married to Alexandre Berline, lived in Paris
    • Irene (born 1910), married to Dr. Robert Ary de Vries (left) , director of the Rijksmuseum Amsterdam
  5. Elsa Warburg (1875–1949), married to Sally George Melchior (1870–1948)
  6. Lilly Warburg (1880–1942), married to Otto Kaulla (1866–1955)
  7. Georges Siegmund Warburg (1871–1923) married to Lucie Kaulla (1866–1955, sister of banker Rudolf Kaulla )
    • Sir Siegmund George Warburg , founder of the London bank SG Warburg & Co. , married to Eva Maria Philipson (1903–1983)
      • George AS Warburg (born 1927), married to Elinor Bozyan (born 1932)
      • Anna M. Warburg (born 1930), married to the Zionism activist Dov Biegun (1914–1980)

Merits

Jewish Museum NYC ⊙

literature

  • Klessmann, Eckart: MM Warburg & Co. 1798–1998: The history of the banking house 2004.
  • Ron Chernow : The Warburgs - A Family Odyssey . Siedler-Verlag , Munich, 1994, ISBN 3-88680-521-2
  • Chernow, Ron: The Warburgs: The Twentieth-Century Odyssey of a Remarkable Jewish Family . Random House , New York 1993, ISBN 0-679-41823-7 .
  • Jacques Attali: A Man of Influence: The Extraordinary Career of SG Warburg . Adler & Adler, Bethesda, MD 1985, ISBN 0-917-56136-8 .
  • Farrer, David: The Warburgs: The Story of a Family . Stein and Day, New York 1974, ISBN 0-812-81733-8 .
  • Pietro Ratto : Rockefeller e Warburg. Le famiglie più potenti della terra ( italian ). Arianna Editrice, Bologna 2019, ISBN 978-88-6588-209-2 .
  • Rosenbaum, Eduard: MM Warburg & Co., Merchant Bankers of Hamburg; A Survey of the First 140 years, 1798 to 1938 1962.

Web links

supporting documents

  1. ↑ Cyrus Adler: Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research No. 68. The American Schools of Oriental Research, Dec. 1937, pp. 2-4
  2. ^ Jacques Attali : Dizionario innamorato dell'ebraismo. Plon et Librairie Arthème Fayard, 2009.
  3. ↑ Sandra Wamers: From Warburg into the wide world: The letter of protection for Simon von Cassel, the ancestor of the famous banking family. Neue Westfälische, April 21, 2011
  4. ↑ Volker Reinhardt, Thomas Lau: German families: historical portraits from Bismarck to Weizsäcker. Verlag CH Beck, Munich 2005, p. 281.
  5. ↑ Eric Banks: The Rise and Fall of the Merchant Banks. Kogan Page / Reuters Ltd., 1999, London, p. 88.
  6. ^ A b Julius H. Schoeps: The Warburgs - Ron Chernow's great story of a Hamburg family Die Zeit, December 2, 1994
  7. ^ A b Volker Reinhardt, Thomas Lau: German families: historical portraits from Bismarck to Weizsäcker. Verlag CH Beck, Munich 2005, page 280
  8. ↑ Ron Chernow: The Warburgs - A family odyssey. Siedler-Verlag, Munich, 1994, page 628
  9. ^ A b Günther Stiller: On the 100th birthday of Eric M. Warburg. Hamburger Abendblatt, April 17, 2000
  10. ↑ Ron Chernow: The Warburgs - A family odyssey. Siedler-Verlag, Munich, 1994, pages 628-632
  11. ↑ Uwe Bahnsen: Banker Warburg - The man who saved Lübeck from the bombs. Die Welt, August 25, 2013 (with photo by Eric M. Warburg)
  12. ↑ Vain to death. Cicero - magazine for political culture
  13. ↑ Ludger Kühnhardt: Atlantik Brücke: 50 Years of German-American Partnership , p. 24
  14. ↑ Walther Leisler Kiep : Bridge Builder, An Insider's Account of Over 60 Years in Postwar Reconstruction, International Diplomacy, and German-American Relation . P. 205
  15. ↑ a b CV of James P. Warburg. Committee on the history of the Federal Reserve System, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
  16. ^ A b Frank Bajohr: The Jewish Hamburg - Max M. Warburg Institute for the History of the German Jews, Hamburg
  17. ↑ Salomon Wininger : Great Jewish National Biography . Volume 6, 1933, pp. 205-210.
  18. ^ Encyclopaedia Brittanica: Warburg Family
  19. ↑ Ron Chernow: The Warburgs - A family odyssey. Siedler-Verlag, Munich, 1994, page 32
  20. ^ E. Rosenbaum, AJ Sherman: The banking house MM Warburg & Co. 1798-1938. Verlag Hans Christians, Hamburg, 1976, page 66,67
  21. ↑ Hans Hoyng: Confident German - The history of the bank Warburg. Spiegel Spezial, edition 10/1994
  22. ↑ Christel Busch: Aby Warburg - An Approach. Kulturport, June 10, 2016
  23. ↑ The artist and the scholar. ... to remember the versatile work of Mary Warburg from Hamburg . By Bärbel Hedinger , taz , October 13, 2016, p. 17. A catalog raisonné by the artist is in progress.
  24. ↑ New York Times Archives: Gisela Warburg Wyzanski, Zionist Leader, 79. The New York Times, July 7, 1991
  25. ^ John Weir Powerful Jewish Dynasty Profiled. The Journal of Historical Review, September / October 1995 (Vol. 15, No. 5), pages 33-37
  26. ↑ Alden Whitman: Frederick M. Warburg, 75, Dies; Investment banker, Sportsman. The New York Times, July 11, 1973
  27. ^ The New York Times: Gerald F. Warburg, 69, Is Dead; Cellist and a Patron of the Arts. The New York Times, February 15, 1971
  28. ^ Jewish Telegraphic Agency: Paul Felix Warburg Dead; What 61; Funeral Services Tomorrow. JTA, October 11, 1965
  29. ^ Archives of the New York Times: Felicia Warburg, RW Sarnoff Wed; Two of yesterdays's brides. The New York Times, July 8, 1950
  30. ↑ New York Times Archives: FD Roosevelt Jr. Weds Mrs. Sarnoff. The New York Times, July 2, 1970
  31. ↑ Eric Pace: Edward Warburg, Philanthropist And Patron of the Arts, Dies at 84 The New York Times, September 22, 1992
  32. ^ Archives of the New York Times: Fritz M. Warburg of banking house. The New York Times, October 15, 1964
  33. ^ JTA: Dov Biegun Dead at 66. Jewish Telegraphic Agency, January 21, 1980
  34. ^ A b Rainer Nicolaysen: Review: It must get better. Journal of the Association for Hamburg History, Volume 102, 2016, page 192
  35. ↑ Michael Beizer: American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee YIVO Institute For Jewish Research