Max von Förster

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Karl Hermann Waldemar Maximilian von Förster (born July 14, 1845 in Lübben (Spreewald) , † February 1, 1905 in Charlottenburg near Berlin ) was a German engineer officer , explosives technician and entrepreneur.

Live and act

He began his career as an engineer officer (lieutenant). Förster served in the Westphalian Pioneer Battalion No. 7 in Deutz . As a pioneer officer in the 1860s, he had found the opportunity to be interested in explosives technology. At that time it was a question of blasting attempts with the lithofractor , a type of dynamite from the company Gebr. Krebs & Co in Kalk . This device was used in 1871 to blow up the iron gun barrels captured in the Paris forts.

In 1872 he founded the Rheinische Dynamitfabrik in Opladen with Emil Müller (1844–1910) , where he wanted to produce nitroglycerine in his own improved way. He soon withdrew from it. In 1873, with the support of Cologne banks, the factory was converted into a stock corporation, to which the factories in Mansfeld and Oneglia, Italy , were incorporated.

He became technical director of the gun cotton factory Wolff & Co in Walsrode . In 1883 he recognized the effect of the cavity in the explosive charge ( hollow charge ) and its military use, which later u. a. led to the Panzerfaust , and wrote a publication on the cavity effect (later also called the Neumann effect or Munroe effect ).

In Hoherlehme near Wildau he founded his own factory for smoke-free flake and nitroglycerin powder. From 1898 he sold this z. B. to the Ottoman and Spanish armies. In the same year he participated with his factory in the formation of the central office for scientific and technical investigations in Neubabelsberg .

He lived in the Niederlehme district . Since 1891 he was married to Margarete Peip (* 1859). Her son Maximilian von Foerster (born September 8, 1893 in Charlottenburg; † June 17, 1918 near Soissons / Vaux), first lieutenant in the Ziethen Hussar Regiment No. 3 and in the 27th Jagdstaffel 27, fell in an air battle.

His final resting place is in the south-west cemetery in Stahnsdorf .

Fonts

  • Experiments with compressed gun cotton in the gun cotton factory Wolff & Co , Berlin 1883
  • Experiments with compressed gun cotton . In: Nostrand's Engineering Magazine (New York), July 31 - Dec. 1884, pp.113-119
  • Compressed gun cotton for military use with special consideration of the gun cotton grenades , Berlin 1886
  • Compressed gun cotton for military use , New York 1886 (translated by John Philip Wisser )
  • Gun cotton in its military use, taking into account the latest experience with gun cotton grenades , Berlin 1888
  • The powder factory , Berlin 1896

literature

  • Gothaisches Genealogisches Taschenbuch Briefadeliger Häuser, vol. 2 (1908), p. 296.
  • Heinz Freiwald (Gatow): On the history of the cavity effect in explosive charges, dissertation from September 15, 1941 at the German Academy for Aviation Research in Berlin.
  • Donald R. Kennedy: History of the shaped charge effect. The first hundred years, Los Alamos (New Mexico) / Schrobenhausen 1983.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Rolf Müller:  Müller, Emil. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 18, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-428-00199-0 , p. 358 f. ( Digitized version ).
  2. ↑ Professor Thomanek and the development of the precision hollow charge. In: Troop Service, Volume 289, Issue 1/2006. Austria's Armed Forces, accessed on April 12, 2013 .
  3. ↑ Wildau - Between Dahmetal and Teltow plateau: nature, location and history. Archived from the original on July 21, 2004 ; Retrieved April 12, 2013 .
  4. ↑ Hoherlehme, March 12, 1897. In: Teltower Kreis-Anzeiger. Retrieved April 13, 2013 .
  5. ↑ It's been a long time. In: Berliner Zeitung . May 17, 1997, accessed April 12, 2013 .
personal data
SURNAME Förster, Max von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Förster, Karl Hermann Waldemar Max von (full name); Foerster, Max von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German engineer officer and explosives technician
DATE OF BIRTH July 14, 1845
PLACE OF BIRTH Luebben (Spreewald)
DATE OF DEATH February 1, 1905
Place of death Berlin-Charlottenburg