Methanobrevibacter smithii

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Methanobrevibacter smithii
Systematics
Department : Euryarchaeota
Class : Methanobacteria
Order : Methanobacteriales
Family : Methanobacteriaceae
Genre : Methanobrevibacter
Type : Methanobrevibacter smithii
Scientific name
Methanobrevibacter smithii
Balch & Wolfe , 1981

Methanobrevibacter smithii is an obligate anaerobic , fluorescent, methanogenic archaeon thatis widespreadas an intestinal inhabitant, in the vagina and in the tooth flora in humans and other mammals.

features

The archaea is a 0.5 to 0.7 μm wide and 1 to 1.5 μm long coccus . It is gram-positive , i.e. it has a thick, multi-layered peptidoglycan cell wall superimposed on the membrane , and it grows optimally at a pH value between 6.9 and 7.4. It usually occurs in neutral solutions. Its optimal temperature is 37 to 39 ° C.

properties

metabolism

The organism utilizes hydrogen and carbon dioxide , which are excreted as metabolic products by other microorganisms in the intestinal flora. M. smithii uses this to generate methane and water. The archaeon is one of the hydrogenotrophic methane producers .

Influence on the human body

According to a hypothesis put forward by Jeffrey I. Gordon, a microbiologist born in 1947 at Washington University in St. Louis , the archaeon is said to increase the number of Firmicutes in the human intestinal flora due to the methanogenesis it carries out. As a result, food would provide more energy in relation to the amount consumed by humans . So can u. a. Obesity .

External system

The M.smithii is an archaeaon of the Euryarchaeota . He belongs to the methane producers and is assigned to the Methanobacteriales .

literature

  • E. Conway de Macario and Alberto JL. Macario (2009): Methanogenic archaea in health and disease: a novel paradigm of microbial pathogenesis . In: Int J Med Microbiol . 299 (2); Pp. 99-108; PMID 18757236

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Methanobrevibacter smithii - Classifications - Encyclopedia of Life. In: Encyclopedia of Life. Retrieved May 22, 2016 .
  2. ↑ Bluish flame . In: Der Spiegel . No.  44 , 1994 ( online ).
  3. ↑ Methanogen. (No longer available online.) In: metanogen.biotech.uni.wroc.pl. Archived from the original on May 31, 2016 ; accessed on May 31, 2016 .
  4. ↑ Buck S. Samuel, Elizabeth E. Hansen, Jill K. Manchester, Pedro M. Coutinho, Bernard Henrissat: Genomic and metabolic adaptations of Methanobrevibacter smithii to the human gut . In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . tape 104 , no. 25 , June 19, 2007, ISSN  0027-8424 , p. 10643-10648 , doi : 10.1073 / pnas.0704189104 , PMID 17563350 , PMC 1890564 (free full text).
  5. ^ Hansen, Elizabeth: Comparative and Functional Genomic Analysis of the Methanobrevibacter smithii Pan Genome . Washington University in St. Louis, January 1, 2012, doi : 10.7936 / K7HD7SP5 ( wustl.edu [accessed May 28, 2016] Washington University in St. Louis).
  6. ↑ Fattening by microbes . In: Der Spiegel . No.  23 , 2006 ( online ).
  7. ↑ Christina Schallenberg: Obesity thanks to overzealous garbage disposal. In: Wissenschaft.de. May 30, 2006, accessed September 9, 2019 .